Add wos sample results library

02-data/intermediate/wos_sample/dda4399f3b7609eaef6d1705bcbc4802-turley-ruth-and-sai/info.yaml

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+abstract: 'Background
+
+  Slums are densely populated, neglected parts of cities where housing and
+
+  living conditions are exceptionally poor. In situ slum upgrading, at its
+
+  basic level, involves improving the physical environment of the existing
+
+  area, such as improving and installing basic infrastructure like water,
+
+  sanitation, solid waste collection, electricity, storm water drainage,
+
+  access roads and footpaths, and street lighting, as well as home
+
+  improvements and securing land tenure.
+
+  Objectives
+
+  To explore the effects of slum upgrading strategies involving physical
+
+  environment and infrastructure interventions on the health, quality of
+
+  life and socio-economic wellbeing of urban slum dwellers in low and
+
+  middle income countries (LMIC). Where reported, data were collected on
+
+  the perspectives of slum dwellers regarding their needs, preferences for
+
+  and satisfaction with interventions received.
+
+  Search methods
+
+  We searched for published and unpublished studies in 28 bibliographic
+
+  databases including multidisciplinary (for example Scopus) and
+
+  specialist databases covering health, social science, urban planning,
+
+  environment and LMIC topics. Snowballing techniques included searching
+
+  websites, journal handsearching, contacting authors and reference list
+
+  checking. Searches were not restricted by language or publication date.
+
+  Selection criteria
+
+  We included studies examining the impact of slum upgrading strategies
+
+  involving physical environment or infrastructure improvements (with or
+
+  without additional co-interventions) on the health, quality of life and
+
+  socio-economic wellbeing of LMIC urban slum dwellers. Randomised
+
+  controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before and after studies (CBAs) and
+
+  interrupted time series (ITS) were eligible for the main analysis.
+
+  Controlled studies with only post-intervention data (CPI) and
+
+  uncontrolled before and after (UBA) studies were included in a separate
+
+  narrative to examine consistency of results and to supplement evidence
+
+  gaps in the main analysis.
+
+  Data collection and analysis
+
+  Two authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias for
+
+  each study. Differences between the included study interventions and
+
+  outcomes precluded meta-analysis so the results were presented in a
+
+  narrative summary with illustrative harvest plots. The body of evidence
+
+  for outcomes within the main analysis was assessed according to GRADE as
+
+  very low, low, moderate or high quality.
+
+  Main results
+
+  We identified 10,488 unique records, with 323 screened as full text.
+
+  Five studies were included for the main analysis: one RCT with a low
+
+  risk, two CBAs with a moderate risk and two CBAs with a high risk of
+
+  bias. Three CBAs evaluated multicomponent slum upgrading strategies.
+
+  Road paving only was evaluated in one RCT and water supply in one CBA. A
+
+  total of 3453 households or observations were included within the four
+
+  studies reporting sample sizes.
+
+  Most health outcomes in the main studies related to communicable
+
+  diseases, for which the body of evidence was judged to be low quality.
+
+  One CBA with a moderate risk of bias found that diarrhoeal incidence was
+
+  reduced in households which received water connections from a private
+
+  water company (risk ratio (RR) 0.53; 95\% confidence interval (CI) 0.27
+
+  to 1.04) and the severity of diarrhoeal episodes (RR 0.48; 95\% CI 0.19
+
+  to 1.22). There was no effect for duration of diarrhoea. Road paving did
+
+  not result in changes in parasitic infections or sickness in one RCT.
+
+  After multicomponent slum upgrading, claims for a waterborne disease as
+
+  opposed to a non-waterborne disease reduced (RR 0.64; 95\% CI 0.27 to
+
+  0.98) in one CBA with a high risk of bias but there was no change in
+
+  sanitation-related mortality in a CBA with a moderate risk of bias.
+
+  The majority of socio-economic outcomes reported within the main studies
+
+  related to financial poverty, for which the body of evidence was of very
+
+  low quality. Results were mixed amongst the main studies; one RCT and
+
+  two CBAs reported no effect on the income of slum dwellers following
+
+  slum upgrading. One further CBA found significant reduction in monthly
+
+  water expenditure (mean difference (MD) -17.11 pesos; 95\% CI -32.6 to
+
+  -1.62). One RCT also showed mixed results for employment variables,
+
+  finding no effect on unemployment levels but increased weekly worked
+
+  hours (MD 4.68; 95\% CI -0.46 to 9.82) and lower risk of residents
+
+  intending to migrate for work (RR 0.78; 95\% CI 0.60 to 1.01).
+
+  There was no evidence available to assess the impact of slum upgrading
+
+  on non-communicable diseases or social capital. Maternal and perinatal
+
+  conditions, infant mortality, nutritional deficiencies, injuries,
+
+  self-reported quality of life, education and crime were evaluated in one
+
+  study each.
+
+  Nine supporting studies were included that measured varying outcomes
+
+  (6794 households or observations within eight studies reporting sample
+
+  sizes). One CPI evaluated cement flooring only while three UBAs and five
+
+  CPIs evaluated multicomponent slum upgrading strategies. All studies but
+
+  one had a high risk of bias.
+
+  The studies reinforced main study findings for diarrhoea incidence and
+
+  water-related expenditure. Findings for parasitic infections and
+
+  financial poverty were inconsistent with the main studies. In addition,
+
+  supporting studies reported a number of disparate outcomes that were not
+
+  evaluated in the main studies.
+
+  Five supporting studies included some limited information on slum
+
+  dweller perspectives. They indicated the importance of appropriate
+
+  siting of facilities, preference for private facilities, delivering
+
+  synergistic interventions together, and ensuring that infrastructure was
+
+  fit for purpose and systems were provided for cleaning, maintenance and
+
+  repair.
+
+  Authors'' conclusions
+
+  A high risk of bias within the included studies, heterogeneity and
+
+  evidence gaps prevent firm conclusions on the effect of slum upgrading
+
+  strategies on health and socio-economic wellbeing. The most common
+
+  health and socio-economic outcomes reported were communicable diseases
+
+  and indicators of financial poverty. There was a limited but consistent
+
+  body of evidence to suggest that slum upgrading may reduce the incidence
+
+  of diarrhoeal diseases and water-related expenditure. The information
+
+  available on slum dwellers'' perspectives provided some insight to
+
+  barriers and facilitators for successful implementation and maintenance
+
+  of interventions.
+
+  The availability and use of reliable, comparable outcome measures to
+
+  determine the effect of slum upgrading on health, quality of life and
+
+  socio-economic wellbeing would make a useful contribution to new
+
+  research in this important area. Given the complexity in delivering slum
+
+  upgrading, evaluations should look to incorporate process and
+
+  qualitative information alongside quantitative effectiveness data to
+
+  determine which particular interventions work (or don''t work) and for
+
+  whom.'
+affiliation: 'Turley, R (Corresponding Author), Cardiff Univ, Informat Serv, SURE,
+  1st Floor,Heath Pk, Cardiff CF14 4YS, S Glam, Wales.
+
+  Turley, Ruth, Cardiff Univ, Informat Serv, SURE, Cardiff CF14 4YS, S Glam, Wales.
+
+  Saith, Ruhi, Oxford Policy Management, New Delhi, India.
+
+  Bhan, Nandita, Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Soc Human Dev \& Hlth, Boston,
+  MA 02115 USA.
+
+  Rehfuess, Eva, Univ Munich, Inst Med Informat Biometry \& Epidemiol, Munich, Germany.
+
+  Carter, Ben, Univ Birmingham, Sch Canc Sci, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham,
+  W Midlands, England.'
+article-number: CD010067
+author: Turley, Ruth and Saith, Ruhi and Bhan, Nandita and Rehfuess, Eva and Carter,
+  Ben
+author-email: ruthturley@rocketmail.com
+author_list:
+- family: Turley
+  given: Ruth
+- family: Saith
+  given: Ruhi
+- family: Bhan
+  given: Nandita
+- family: Rehfuess
+  given: Eva
+- family: Carter
+  given: Ben
+da: '2023-09-28'
+doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010067.pub2
+eissn: 1361-6137
+files: []
+issn: 1469-493X
+journal: COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
+keywords-plus: 'IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMS; PROPERTY-RIGHTS; IMPACT; WATER; SANITATION;
+
+  DIARRHEA; SALVADOR; CHILDREN; HYGIENE; AREAS'
+language: English
+number: '1'
+number-of-cited-references: '82'
+orcid-numbers: Carter, Ben/0000-0003-0318-8865
+papis_id: da2100fed31b7031686375991c5c1f2d
+ref: Turley2013slumupgrading
+researcherid-numbers: 'Rehfuess, Eva Annette/ABD-8167-2021
+
+  '
+tags:
+- relevant
+- review
+times-cited: '95'
+title: Slum upgrading strategies involving physical environment and infrastructure
+  interventions and their effects on health and socio-economic outcomes (Review)
+type: Review
+unique-id: WOS:000314315200029
+usage-count-last-180-days: '3'
+usage-count-since-2013: '135'
+web-of-science-categories: Medicine, General \& Internal
+year: '2013'