Add wos sample results library

02-data/intermediate/wos_sample/d913240ab756204ec3f91ece1ab53b93-salib-peter-n./info.yaml

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+abstract: 'As a vast and ever-growing body of social-scientific research shows,
+
+  discrimination remains pervasive in the United States. In education,
+
+  work, consumer markets, healthcare, criminal justice, and more, Black
+
+  people fare worse than whites, women worse than men, and so on.
+
+  Moreover, the evidence now convincingly demonstrates that this
+
+  inequality is driven by discrimination. Yet solutions are scarce. The
+
+  best empirical studies find that popular interventions-like diversity
+
+  seminars and antibias trainings-have little or no effect. And more
+
+  muscular solutions-like hiring quotas or school busing-are now regularly
+
+  struck down as illegal. Indeed, in the last thirty years, the Supreme
+
+  Court has invalidated every such ambitious affirmative action plan that
+
+  it has reviewed. This Article proposes a novel solution: Big Data
+
+  Affirmative Action. Like old-fashioned affirmative action, Big Data
+
+  Affirmative Action would award benefits to individuals because of their
+
+  membership in protected groups. Since Black defendants are
+
+  discriminatorily incarcerated for longer than whites, Big Data
+
+  Affirmative Action would intervene to reduce their sentences. Since
+
+  women are paid less than men, it would step in to raise their salaries.
+
+  But unlike old-fashioned affirmative action, Big Data Affirmative Action
+
+  would be automated, algorithmic, and precise. Circa 2021, data
+
+  scientists are already analyzing rich datasets to identify and quantify
+
+  discriminatory harm. Armed with such quantitative measures, Big Data
+
+  Affirmative Action algorithms would intervene to automatically adjust
+
+  flawed human decisions-correcting discriminatory harm but going no
+
+  further. Big Data Affirmative Action has two advantages over the
+
+  alternatives. First, it would actually work. Unlike, say, antibias
+
+  trainings, Big Data Affirmative Action would operate directly on unfair
+
+  outcomes, immediately remedying discriminatory harm. Second, Big Data
+
+  Affirmative Action would be legal, notwithstanding the Supreme Court''s
+
+  recent case law. As argued here, the Court has not, in fact, recently
+
+  turned against affirmative action. Rather, it has consistently demanded
+
+  that affirmative action policies both stand on solid empirical ground
+
+  and be well tailored to remedying only particularized instances of
+
+  actual discrimination. The policies that the Court recently rejected
+
+  have failed to do either. Big Data Affirmative Action can easily do
+
+  both.'
+affiliation: 'Salib, PN (Corresponding Author), Univ Houston, Law Ctr, Law, Houston,
+  TX 77004 USA.
+
+  Salib, PN (Corresponding Author), Univ Houston, Hobby Sch Publ Affairs, Houston,
+  TX 77004 USA.
+
+  Salib, Peter N., Univ Houston, Law Ctr, Law, Houston, TX 77004 USA.
+
+  Salib, Peter N., Univ Houston, Hobby Sch Publ Affairs, Houston, TX 77004 USA.'
+author: Salib, Peter N.
+author_list:
+- family: Salib
+  given: Peter N.
+da: '2023-09-28'
+files: []
+issn: 0029-3571
+journal: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW
+keywords-plus: 'RACIAL-DISCRIMINATION; DISPARITIES; MARKET; EMPLOYMENT; IMPACT; BLACK;
+
+  BIAS; RACE'
+language: English
+number: '3'
+number-of-cited-references: '124'
+pages: 821-892
+papis_id: 23fe2c10bfce3224e665b7467814158e
+ref: Salib2022bigdata
+times-cited: '0'
+title: BIG DATA AFFIRMATIVE ACTION
+type: Article
+unique-id: WOS:000885982100004
+usage-count-last-180-days: '1'
+usage-count-since-2013: '5'
+volume: '117'
+web-of-science-categories: Law
+year: '2022'