Add wos sample results library

02-data/intermediate/wos_sample/6075fb181192bbbf070ce26d23ea4933-williams-colin-and/info.yaml

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+abstract: 'Purpose Despite a widespread assertion that wages are lower in the
+
+  informal than formal economy, there have been few empirical evaluations
+
+  of whether this is the case and even fewer studies of the gender
+
+  variations in wage rates in the formal and informal economies.
+
+  Consequently, whether there are wage benefits to formal employment for
+
+  men and women is unknown. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the wage
+
+  differential between formal and informal employment for men and women.
+
+  Design/methodology/approach To evaluate the wage differential between
+
+  the formal and informal economy for men and women, data are reported
+
+  from a 2017 survey involving 8,533 household interviews conducted in
+
+  Kosovo. Findings Using decomposition analysis and after controlling for
+
+  other determinants of wage differentials, the finding is that the net
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+  hourly earnings of men in formal employment are 26\% higher than men in
+
+  informal employment and 14\% higher for women in formal employment
+
+  compared with women in informal employment. Practical implications Given
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+  the size of the wage differential, the costs for employers will need to
+
+  significantly increase in terms of the penalties and risks of detection
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+  if informal employment is to be prevented, along with more formal
+
+  employment opportunities using active labour market policies for
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+  vulnerable groups, perhaps targeted at men (who constitute 82.8\% of
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+  those in informal employment). Originality/value This is one of the
+
+  first studies to evaluate the differentials in wage rates in the formal
+
+  and economy from a gender perspective.'
+affiliation: 'Williams, C (Corresponding Author), Univ Sheffield, Management Sch,
+  Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England.
+
+  Williams, Colin, Univ Sheffield, Management Sch, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England.
+
+  Gashi, Ardiana, Univ Prishtina, Econ, Prishtina, Kosovo.'
+author: Williams, Colin and Gashi, Ardiana
+author-email: 'c.c.williams@sheffield.ac.uk
+
+  Ardiana.Gashi@uni-pr.edu'
+author_list:
+- family: Williams
+  given: Colin
+- family: Gashi
+  given: Ardiana
+da: '2023-09-28'
+doi: 10.1108/JES-01-2021-0019
+earlyaccessdate: MAY 2021
+files: []
+issn: 0144-3585
+journal: JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC STUDIES
+keywords: Informal economy; Gender inequality; Wage gap; Public policy; Kosovo
+keywords-plus: 'SHADOW ECONOMY; LABOR-MARKET; MARRIAGE; ENTREPRENEURSHIP; PARTICIPATION;
+
+  PENALTIES; COUNTRIES; LESSONS; IMPACT'
+language: English
+month: MAY 6
+number: '4'
+number-of-cited-references: '79'
+orcid-numbers: 'Williams, Colin C/0000-0002-3610-1933
+
+  Gashi, Ardiana/0000-0002-9225-6788'
+pages: 735-750
+papis_id: 1fc4e3091521d17b0d5027f045397b5a
+ref: Williams2022evaluatingwage
+researcherid-numbers: 'Williams, Colin C/B-1198-2016
+
+  '
+times-cited: '1'
+title: 'Evaluating the wage differential between the formal and informal economy:
+  a gender perspective'
+type: Article
+unique-id: WOS:000654446300001
+usage-count-last-180-days: '4'
+usage-count-since-2013: '8'
+volume: '49'
+web-of-science-categories: Economics
+year: '2022'