2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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abstract: 'Employment rates for autistic individuals are poor, even compared to
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those from other disability groups. Internationally, there remains
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limited understanding of the factors influencing employment across the
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stages of preparing for, gaining, and maintaining employment. This is
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the third in a series of studies conducted as part of an International
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Society for Autism Research (INSAR) policy brief intended to improve
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employment outcomes for autistic individuals. A multi-informant
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international survey with five key stakeholder groups, including
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autistic individuals, their families, employers, service providers, and
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researchers, was undertaken in Australia, Sweden, and the United States
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to understand the facilitators and barriers to employment for autistic
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adults. A total of 687 individuals participated, including autistic
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individuals (n = 246), family members (n = 233), employers (n = 35),
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clinicians/service providers (n = 123), and researchers (n = 50).
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Perceptions of the facilitators and barriers to employment differed
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significantly across both key stakeholder groups and countries, however,
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ensuring a good job match and focusing on strengths were identified by
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all groups as important for success. Key barriers to employment included
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stigma, a lack of understanding of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and
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communication difficulties. Results suggest that a holistic approach to
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employment for autistic individuals is required, aimed at facilitating
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communication between key stakeholders, addressing attitudes and
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understanding of ASD in the workplace, using strength-based approaches
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and providing early work experience.
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Lay Summary Autistic individuals experience significant difficulty
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getting and keeping a job. This article presents a survey study
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involving autistic individuals, their families, employers, service
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providers and researchers in Australia, Sweden, and the United States to
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understand their perspectives on the factors that support or act as
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barriers to employment. While perspectives varied across key
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stakeholders, strategies such as using a holistic approach, targeting
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workplace attitudes and understanding, focusing on strengths, and
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providing early work experience are important for success. (c) 2020
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International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.'
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affiliation: 'Black, MH (Corresponding Author), Curtin Univ, Sch Occupat Therapy \&
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Social Work, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
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Black, MH (Corresponding Author), GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
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Black, Melissa H.; Milbourn, Benjamin; Scott, Melissa; Falkmer, Marita; Falkmer,
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Torbjorn; Bolte, Sven; Girdler, Sonya, Curtin Univ, Sch Occupat Therapy Social Work
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\& Speech Pathol, Perth, WA, Australia.
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Black, Melissa H.; Milbourn, Benjamin; Scott, Melissa; Falkmer, Marita; Falkmer,
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Torbjorn; Bolte, Sven; Girdler, Sonya, Curtin Univ, Curtin Autism Res Grp, Perth,
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WA, Australia.
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Mahdi, Soheil; D''Angelo, Axel; Bolte, Sven, Karolinska Inst, Ctr Psychiat Res,
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Ctr Neurodev Disorders KIND, Stockholm, Region Stockhol, Sweden.
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Mahdi, Soheil; D''Angelo, Axel; Bolte, Sven, Karolinska Inst, Dept Womens \& Childrens
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Hlth, Stockholm, Region Stockhol, Sweden.
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Mahdi, Soheil; D''Angelo, Axel; Bolte, Sven, Stockholm Hlth Care Serv, Stockholm,
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Region Stockhol, Sweden.
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Gerber, Alan; Esposito, Christopher; Lerner, Matthew D., SUNY Stony Brook, Stony
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Brook, NY 11794 USA.
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Falkmer, Marita, Jonkoping Univ, Sch Educ \& Commun, Swedish Inst Disabil Res, CHILD,
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Jonkoping, Sweden.
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Halladay, Alycia, Autism Sci Fdn, New York, NY USA.
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Strom, Eva, Swedish Publ Employment Serv, Unit Rehabil \& Work, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Falkmer, Torbjorn, Linkoping Univ, Dept Hlth Med \& Caring Sci, Pain \& Rehabil
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Ctr, Linkoping, Sweden.
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Bolte, Sven, Stockholm Hlth Care Serv, Child \& Adolescent Psychiat, Stockholm,
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Region Stockhol, Sweden.
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Halladay, Alycia, Rutgers State Univ, Dept Pharmacol \& Toxicol, New Brunswick,
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NJ USA.
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Black, Melissa H., GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.'
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author: Black, Melissa H. and Mahdi, Soheil and Milbourn, Benjamin and Scott, Melissa
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and Gerber, Alan and Esposito, Christopher and Falkmer, Marita and Lerner, Matthew
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D. and Halladay, Alycia and Strom, Eva and D'Angelo, Axel and Falkmer, Torbjorn
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and Bolte, Sven and Girdler, Sonya
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author-email: melissa.black@curtin.edu.au
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author_list:
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- family: Black
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given: Melissa H.
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- family: Mahdi
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given: Soheil
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- family: Milbourn
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given: Benjamin
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- family: Scott
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given: Melissa
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- family: Gerber
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given: Alan
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- family: Esposito
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given: Christopher
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- family: Falkmer
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given: Marita
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- family: Lerner
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given: Matthew D.
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- family: Halladay
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given: Alycia
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- family: Strom
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given: Eva
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- family: D'Angelo
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given: Axel
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- family: Falkmer
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given: Torbjorn
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- family: Bolte
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given: Sven
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- family: Girdler
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given: Sonya
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da: '2023-09-28'
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doi: 10.1002/aur.2288
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earlyaccessdate: MAR 2020
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eissn: 1939-3806
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files: []
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issn: 1939-3792
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journal: AUTISM RESEARCH
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keywords: autism; cross-cultural; employment; key stakeholders; adults
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keywords-plus: SPECTRUM DISORDER; EMPLOYEES; DISABILITIES
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language: English
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month: JUL
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number: '7'
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number-of-cited-references: '39'
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orcid-numbers: 'Black, Melissa/0000-0003-0293-4053
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Lerner, Matthew/0000-0002-7373-6663
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Bolte, Sven/0000-0002-4579-4970
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Gerber, Alan/0000-0002-8133-3995
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Girdler, Sonya/0000-0001-7992-0800'
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pages: 1195-1214
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papis_id: 2a0d2b31e9574e2f886d10db215e9dca
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ref: Black2020multiinformantintern
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researcherid-numbers: 'Girdler, Sonya/ABC-9629-2021
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Bölte, Sven/F-6644-2010
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Black, Melissa/U-5318-2019
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'
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times-cited: '33'
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title: Multi-informant International Perspectives on the Facilitators and Barriers
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to Employment for Autistic Adults
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2023-10-01 08:15:07 +00:00
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type: article
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2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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unique-id: WOS:000519468800001
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usage-count-last-180-days: '4'
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usage-count-since-2013: '21'
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volume: '13'
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web-of-science-categories: Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Developmental
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year: '2020'
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