wow-inequalities/02-data/intermediate/wos_sample/5571401ae53306c2ceb04b2043010252-strazdins-lyndall-a/info.yaml

abstract: 'Considerable policy action has focused on the social patterning of

  health, especially the health risks associated with low income. More

  recent attention has turned to transport, food systems, workplaces, and

  location, and the way their intersections with social position and

  income create health inequalities. Time is another dimension that

  structures what people do; yet the way in which time contours health has

  been neglected. This paper explores (a) how time might influence health,

  and (b) the way in which time scarcity complicates current

  understandings of health inequalities. Alongside other meanings, time

  can be thought of as a health resource. People need time to access

  health services, build close relationships, exercise, work, play, care,

  and consume all activities that are fundamental to health. There is

  evidence that the experience of time pressure is directly related to

  poorer mental health. Lack of time is also the main reason people give

  for not taking exercise or eating healthy food. Thus, another impact of

  time scarcity may be its prevention of activities and behaviours

  critical for good health. We investigate whether time scarcity, like

  financial pressure, is socially patterned, and thus likely to generate

  health inequality. The experience of time scarcity appears to be linked

  to variations in time devoted to employment or caring activities closely

  bound to gender, status, and life course. One reason that time scarcity

  is socially patterned is because of the way in which caring is valued,

  allocated, and negotiated in households and the market. Adding paid

  employment to caring workloads is now normative, transforming the

  allocation of time within families. But caring requires a close

  interlocking with others'' needs, which are often urgent and

  unpredictable, creating conflict with the linear, scheduled, and

  commodified approach to time required in the workplace. We review the

  evidence for the possibility that these time pressures are indeed

  contributing to socially patterned health inequalities among people

  caring for others. We also explore the potential for time scarcity to

  compound other sources of health inequality through interplays with

  income and space (urban form, transportation networks and place of

  residence). People who are both time and income poor, such as lone

  mothers, may face compounding barriers to good health, and the urban

  geography of time-scarce families represents the embedding of time money

  space trade-offs linked to physical location. In Australia and the US,

  poorer families are more likely to live in mid to outer suburbs,

  necessitating longer commutes to work. These suburbs have inferior

  public transport access, and can lack goods and services essential to

  health such as shops selling fresh foods. We conclude with a tentative

  framework for considering time and health in the context of policy

  actions. For example, social policy efforts to increase workforce

  participation may be economically necessary, but could have time-related

  consequences that alter health. Similarly, if cities are to be made

  livable, health promoting, and more equitable, urban designers need to

  understand time and time income space trade-offs. Indeed, many social

  policies and planning and health interventions involve time dimensions

  which, if they remain unacknowledged, could further compound time

  pressures and time-related health inequality.'
affiliation: 'Strazdins, L (Corresponding Author), Australian Natl Univ, Natl Ctr
  Epidemiol \& Populat Hlth, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.

  Strazdins, Lyndall; Broom, Dorothy H.; Banwell, Cathy; Dixon, Jane, Australian Natl
  Univ, Natl Ctr Epidemiol \& Populat Hlth, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.

  Griffin, Amy L., Univ New S Wales, Australian Def Force Acad, Sch Phys Environm
  \& Math Sci, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.

  Korda, Rosemary; Paolucci, Francesco, Australian Natl Univ, Australian Ctr Econ
  Res Hlth, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.

  Glover, John, Univ Adelaide, Publ Hlth Informat Dev Unit, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.'
author: Strazdins, Lyndall and Griffin, Amy L. and Broom, Dorothy H. and Banwell,
  Cathy and Korda, Rosemary and Dixon, Jane and Paolucci, Francesco and Glover, John
author-email: 'Lyndall.Strazdins@anu.edu.au

  a.griffin@adfa.edu.au

  Dorothy.Broom@anu.edu.au

  Cathy.Banwell@anu.edu.au

  Rosemary.Korda@anu.edu.au

  Jane.Dixon@anu.edu.au

  Francesco.Paolucci@anu.edu.au

  John.Glover@adelaide.edu.au'
author_list:
- family: Strazdins
  given: Lyndall
- family: Griffin
  given: Amy L.
- family: Broom
  given: Dorothy H.
- family: Banwell
  given: Cathy
- family: Korda
  given: Rosemary
- family: Dixon
  given: Jane
- family: Paolucci
  given: Francesco
- family: Glover
  given: John
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1068/a4360
eissn: 1472-3409
files: []
issn: 0308-518X
journal: ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING A-ECONOMY AND SPACE
keywords-plus: 'PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; FAMILY TIME; WORK; DETERMINANTS; STRESS; TRENDS;

  SPACE; VULNERABILITY; EMPLOYMENT; ALLOCATION'
language: English
month: MAR
number: '3'
number-of-cited-references: '96'
orcid-numbers: 'Glover, John/0000-0001-8276-7982

  Banwell, Cathy/0000-0001-6808-1052

  Griffin, Amy/0000-0001-6548-7970

  Strazdins, Lyndall/0000-0001-5158-6855

  Dixon, Jane/0000-0003-4658-4307

  Paolucci, Francesco/0000-0001-6173-5324

  Korda, Rosemary/0000-0002-9390-2171

  PAOLUCCI, FRANCESCO/0000-0002-6585-7190'
pages: 545-559
papis_id: 4446b628bca1e29a65bd7b48d88d9eea
ref: Strazdins2011timescarcity
researcherid-numbers: 'Griffin, Amy L/E-5784-2010

  '
times-cited: '107'
title: 'Time scarcity: another health inequality?'
type: article
unique-id: WOS:000290593800005
usage-count-last-180-days: '6'
usage-count-since-2013: '113'
volume: '43'
web-of-science-categories: Environmental Studies; Geography
year: '2011'