189 lines
5.9 KiB
YAML
189 lines
5.9 KiB
YAML
abstract: 'Considerable policy action has focused on the social patterning of
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health, especially the health risks associated with low income. More
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recent attention has turned to transport, food systems, workplaces, and
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location, and the way their intersections with social position and
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income create health inequalities. Time is another dimension that
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structures what people do; yet the way in which time contours health has
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been neglected. This paper explores (a) how time might influence health,
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and (b) the way in which time scarcity complicates current
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understandings of health inequalities. Alongside other meanings, time
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can be thought of as a health resource. People need time to access
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health services, build close relationships, exercise, work, play, care,
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and consume all activities that are fundamental to health. There is
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evidence that the experience of time pressure is directly related to
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poorer mental health. Lack of time is also the main reason people give
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for not taking exercise or eating healthy food. Thus, another impact of
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time scarcity may be its prevention of activities and behaviours
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critical for good health. We investigate whether time scarcity, like
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financial pressure, is socially patterned, and thus likely to generate
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health inequality. The experience of time scarcity appears to be linked
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to variations in time devoted to employment or caring activities closely
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bound to gender, status, and life course. One reason that time scarcity
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is socially patterned is because of the way in which caring is valued,
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allocated, and negotiated in households and the market. Adding paid
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employment to caring workloads is now normative, transforming the
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allocation of time within families. But caring requires a close
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interlocking with others'' needs, which are often urgent and
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unpredictable, creating conflict with the linear, scheduled, and
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commodified approach to time required in the workplace. We review the
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evidence for the possibility that these time pressures are indeed
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contributing to socially patterned health inequalities among people
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caring for others. We also explore the potential for time scarcity to
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compound other sources of health inequality through interplays with
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income and space (urban form, transportation networks and place of
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residence). People who are both time and income poor, such as lone
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mothers, may face compounding barriers to good health, and the urban
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geography of time-scarce families represents the embedding of time money
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space trade-offs linked to physical location. In Australia and the US,
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poorer families are more likely to live in mid to outer suburbs,
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necessitating longer commutes to work. These suburbs have inferior
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public transport access, and can lack goods and services essential to
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health such as shops selling fresh foods. We conclude with a tentative
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framework for considering time and health in the context of policy
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actions. For example, social policy efforts to increase workforce
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participation may be economically necessary, but could have time-related
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consequences that alter health. Similarly, if cities are to be made
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livable, health promoting, and more equitable, urban designers need to
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understand time and time income space trade-offs. Indeed, many social
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policies and planning and health interventions involve time dimensions
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which, if they remain unacknowledged, could further compound time
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pressures and time-related health inequality.'
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affiliation: 'Strazdins, L (Corresponding Author), Australian Natl Univ, Natl Ctr
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Epidemiol \& Populat Hlth, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
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Strazdins, Lyndall; Broom, Dorothy H.; Banwell, Cathy; Dixon, Jane, Australian Natl
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Univ, Natl Ctr Epidemiol \& Populat Hlth, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
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Griffin, Amy L., Univ New S Wales, Australian Def Force Acad, Sch Phys Environm
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\& Math Sci, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
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Korda, Rosemary; Paolucci, Francesco, Australian Natl Univ, Australian Ctr Econ
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Res Hlth, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
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Glover, John, Univ Adelaide, Publ Hlth Informat Dev Unit, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.'
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author: Strazdins, Lyndall and Griffin, Amy L. and Broom, Dorothy H. and Banwell,
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Cathy and Korda, Rosemary and Dixon, Jane and Paolucci, Francesco and Glover, John
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author-email: 'Lyndall.Strazdins@anu.edu.au
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a.griffin@adfa.edu.au
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Dorothy.Broom@anu.edu.au
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Cathy.Banwell@anu.edu.au
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Rosemary.Korda@anu.edu.au
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Jane.Dixon@anu.edu.au
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Francesco.Paolucci@anu.edu.au
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John.Glover@adelaide.edu.au'
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author_list:
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- family: Strazdins
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given: Lyndall
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- family: Griffin
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given: Amy L.
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- family: Broom
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given: Dorothy H.
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- family: Banwell
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given: Cathy
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- family: Korda
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given: Rosemary
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- family: Dixon
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given: Jane
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- family: Paolucci
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given: Francesco
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- family: Glover
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given: John
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da: '2023-09-28'
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doi: 10.1068/a4360
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eissn: 1472-3409
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files: []
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issn: 0308-518X
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journal: ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING A-ECONOMY AND SPACE
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keywords-plus: 'PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; FAMILY TIME; WORK; DETERMINANTS; STRESS; TRENDS;
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SPACE; VULNERABILITY; EMPLOYMENT; ALLOCATION'
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language: English
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month: MAR
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number: '3'
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number-of-cited-references: '96'
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orcid-numbers: 'Glover, John/0000-0001-8276-7982
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Banwell, Cathy/0000-0001-6808-1052
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Griffin, Amy/0000-0001-6548-7970
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Strazdins, Lyndall/0000-0001-5158-6855
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Dixon, Jane/0000-0003-4658-4307
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Paolucci, Francesco/0000-0001-6173-5324
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Korda, Rosemary/0000-0002-9390-2171
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PAOLUCCI, FRANCESCO/0000-0002-6585-7190'
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pages: 545-559
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papis_id: 4446b628bca1e29a65bd7b48d88d9eea
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ref: Strazdins2011timescarcity
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researcherid-numbers: 'Griffin, Amy L/E-5784-2010
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'
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times-cited: '107'
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title: 'Time scarcity: another health inequality?'
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type: article
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unique-id: WOS:000290593800005
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usage-count-last-180-days: '6'
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usage-count-since-2013: '113'
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volume: '43'
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web-of-science-categories: Environmental Studies; Geography
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year: '2011'
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