2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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abstract: 'As the severity of the triple challenges of global inequality, climate
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change and biodiversity loss becomes clearer, governments and
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international development institutions must find effective policy
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instruments to respond. We examine the potential of social assistance
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policies in this context. Social assistance refers to transfers to poor,
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vulnerable and marginalized groups to reduce their vulnerability and
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livelihood risks, and to enhance their rights and status. Substantial
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public funds support social assistance programmes globally.
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Collectively, lower- and middle-income countries spend approximately
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1.5\% of their GDP on social assistance annually. We focus on the
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potential of paid employment schemes to promote effective ecosystem
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stewardship. Available evidence suggests such programmes can offer
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multiple benefits in terms of improvements in local ecosystems and
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natural capital, carbon sequestration and local biodiversity
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conservation. We review evidence from three key case studies: in India
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(the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme),
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Ethiopia (the Productive Safety Nets Programme) and Mexico (the
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Temporary Employment Programme). We conclude that, to realize the
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potential of employment-based social assistance for ecosystem benefits
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it will be necessary to address two challenges: first, the weak design
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and maintenance of local public works outputs in many schemes, and
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second, the concern that social protection schemes may become less
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effective if they are overburdened with additional objectives.
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Overcoming these challenges requires an evolution of institutional
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systems for delivering social assistance to enable a more effective
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combination of social and environmental objectives. This article is part
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of the theme issue `Climate change and ecosystems: threats,
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opportunities and solutions''.'
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affiliation: 'Seddon, N (Corresponding Author), Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Nat Based
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Solut Initiat, Oxford, England.
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Norton, Andrew; Shakya, Clare; Porras, Ina, Int Inst Environm \& Dev, London, England.
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Seddon, Nathalie, Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Nat Based Solut Initiat, Oxford, England.
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Agrawal, Arun, Univ Michigan, Sch Environm \& Sustainabil, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
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Kaur, Nanki, Int Ctr Integrated Mt Dev, Adaptat \& Resilience Bldg, Kathmandu, Nepal.'
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article-number: '20190127'
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author: Norton, Andrew and Seddon, Nathalie and Agrawal, Arun and Shakya, Clare and
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Kaur, Nanki and Porras, Ina
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author-email: nathalie.seddon@zoo.ox.ac.uk
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author_list:
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- family: Norton
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given: Andrew
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- family: Seddon
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given: Nathalie
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- family: Agrawal
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given: Arun
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- family: Shakya
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given: Clare
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- family: Kaur
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given: Nanki
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- family: Porras
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given: Ina
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da: '2023-09-28'
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doi: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0127
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eissn: 1471-2970
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files: []
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issn: 0962-8436
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journal: PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
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keywords: social protection; ecosystem stewardship; climate change
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keywords-plus: 'CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS; SAFETY NET PROGRAM; POVERTY; FOOD; IMPACT;
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INDIA; DEFORESTATION; PROTECTION; MANAGEMENT; COUNTRIES'
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language: English
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month: MAR 16
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number: 1794, SI
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number-of-cited-references: '75'
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orcid-numbers: 'Agrawal, Arun/0000-0001-6796-2958
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Seddon, Nathalie/0000-0002-1880-6104'
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papis_id: 4752fe342e89af35f7afa90d2430a1f1
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ref: Norton2020harnessingemployment
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researcherid-numbers: 'Agrawal, Arun/A-4257-2009
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'
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times-cited: '15'
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title: Harnessing employment-based social assistance programmes to scale up nature-based
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climate action
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2023-10-01 08:15:07 +00:00
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type: article
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2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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unique-id: WOS:000509531700019
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usage-count-last-180-days: '1'
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usage-count-since-2013: '25'
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volume: '375'
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web-of-science-categories: Biology
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year: '2020'
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