2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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abstract: 'Although economists typically use efficiency gains to explain gender
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differences in time use and earnings, norms might also explain those
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differences. No study has attempted to quantify their relative
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influence, however. We use the American Community Survey and the
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American Time Use Survey to estimate an upper bound of the influence of
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efficiency gains relative to norms-broadly defined-using four groups of
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demographically matched individuals with relatively homogeneous
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within-group need for production. Results suggest that norms about work
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and home may explain 40\% of the gap in time allocation for work and
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household production and about 60\% of the wage gap. Norms about
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parenting may explain an additional 16 to 20\% of the time use gaps and
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25\% of the wage gap. These findings suggest that research and policy
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might benefit from a grounding in a broad framework that includes both
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norms and efficiency gains.'
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affiliation: 'Maxwell, NL (Corresponding Author), Calif State Univ Hayward, 25800
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Carlos Bee Blvd, Hayward, CA 94542 USA.
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Maxwell, Nan L., Calif State Univ Hayward, 25800 Carlos Bee Blvd, Hayward, CA 94542
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USA.
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Wozny, Nathan, US Air Force Acad, 2354 Fairchild Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840
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USA.'
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author: Maxwell, Nan L. and Wozny, Nathan
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author-email: 'nan.maxwell@csueastbay.edu
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nathan.wozny@usafa.edu'
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author_list:
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- family: Maxwell
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given: Nan L.
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- family: Wozny
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given: Nathan
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da: '2023-09-28'
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doi: 10.1007/s12122-020-09306-3
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earlyaccessdate: AUG 2020
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eissn: 1936-4768
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files: []
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issn: 0195-3613
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journal: JOURNAL OF LABOR RESEARCH
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keywords: 'Norms; Earnings; Employment; Time use; Gender differentials; Gender
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disparities'
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keywords-plus: 'DIVISION-OF-LABOR; ROLE ATTITUDES; SAMPLE SELECTION; HOUSEHOLD LABOR;
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EARNINGS; FAMILY; INCENTIVES; DISCRIMINATION; INSTITUTIONS; CONVERGENCE'
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language: English
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month: MAR
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number: '1'
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number-of-cited-references: '76'
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orcid-numbers: Maxwell, Nan/0000-0003-4161-2399
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pages: 56-77
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papis_id: 18dc3973be6b985872075e28f60692a8
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ref: Maxwell2021gendergaps
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times-cited: '1'
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title: 'Gender Gaps in Time Use and Labor Market Outcomes: What''s Norms Got to Do
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with it?'
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2023-10-01 08:15:07 +00:00
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type: article
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2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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unique-id: WOS:000563712400001
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usage-count-last-180-days: '2'
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usage-count-since-2013: '10'
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volume: '42'
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web-of-science-categories: Industrial Relations \& Labor
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year: '2021'
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