Update library with Djibouti sources

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@ -1,4 +1,42 @@
@article{2019,
title = {Business Officials Confirm Trade Zone in {{Djibouti}} Underway},
date = {2019},
journaltitle = {Jordan times (Amman, Jordan)},
publisher = {{Tribune Content Agency}},
copyright = {COPYRIGHT 2019 Jordan Times},
langid = {english},
}
@article{Aden2019,
title = {The role of Ports and Free Zones in the Development of Africa: The
“Djibouti Model”},
author = {Aden, Mowlid},
date = {2019},
journaltitle = {Réalités industrielles},
volume = {Novembre 2019},
number = {4},
pages = {105--109},
publisher = {{F.F.E}},
location = {{Paris}},
issn = {1148-7941},
doi = {10.3917/rindu1.194.0105},
abstract = {This article is essentially a positive story of ports \& free
zones-led progress. Why are ports so critical? A well-organized
port can make the difference between locally or, in the case of
Djibouti, regionally produced products being viable for export,
or priced out of the market 1 . A well-run facility builds
self-reliance in the local executive management and economy, thus
drawing new industry and investment, and promoting tourism.
Furthermore, enhancements to port infrastructure frequently raise
forces to shore up the weaker links in regional supply chains,
such as below-standard roads and railways 2 .},
copyright = {Copyright La Francaise de Financement et d'Edition (FFE) Nov
2019},
langid = {eng ; fre},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/TSPFYLEQ/RINDU1_194_0105.pdf},
}
@article{Alia2017,
title = {Progress {{Toward The Sustainable Development Goal}} on {{Poverty}}
: {{Assessing The Effect}} of {{Income Growth}} on {{The Exit Time}}
@ -34,7 +72,7 @@
@report{Atamanov2022,
title = {Uganda {{Poverty Assessment}}: {{Strengthening Resilience}} to {{
Accelerate Poverty Reduction}} ({{English}})},
Accelerate Poverty Reduction}}},
author = {{World Bank}},
date = {2022},
institution = {{World Bank}},
@ -91,7 +129,7 @@
issn = {01409883},
doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2020.104843},
langid = {english},
keywords = {country::Benin,topic::electricity,topic::rural},
keywords = {country::Benin,status::skimmed,topic::electricity,topic::rural},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/BERQHNQT/Barry2020_Pay-as-you-go
contracts for electricity access.pdf},
}
@ -149,6 +187,75 @@
equity.pdf},
}
@article{Bereketeab2016,
title = {Djibouti: {{Strategic}} Location, an Asset or a Curse?},
author = {Bereketeab, Redie},
date = {2016},
journaltitle = {Journal of African Foreign Affairs},
volume = {3},
number = {1/2},
pages = {5--18},
publisher = {{Adonis \& Abbey Publishers Ltd}},
location = {{London}},
issn = {2056-564X},
abstract = {This article examines the costs and benefits of the strategic
location of Djibouti. It is located in a strategic shipping lane
where annually some 20 000 ships and 30 percent of world trade
pass through. In addition, Djibouti is found pressed between two
highly conflicted regions, notably the Horn of Africa and Gulf
region, which from a security point of view, harnesses its global
strategic importance. Nevertheless, this strategic location and
importance that it draws is not only positive. It has also
negative implication to the nation as well as the region in the
long term. The article seeks to analyse the positive and negative
implication to the country as well as the region induced by the
sudden surge of strategic significance of Djibouti. It concludes,
besides the economic and security benefits Djibouti gains, in the
long term, the militarisation may bring dire political, social,
security, stability, democratisation consequences to the region.
The data for this article were collected through interviews,
personal observation and secondary material.},
copyright = {Copyright Adonis \& Abbey Publishers Ltd Jun-Dec 2016},
langid = {english},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/J6Z53UN5/Bereketeab2016_Djibouti.pdf},
}
@article{Brass2008,
title = {Djibouti's Unusual Resource Curse},
author = {Brass, Jennifer N.},
date = {2008-12},
journaltitle = {The Journal of Modern African Studies},
shortjournal = {J. Mod. Afr. Stud.},
volume = {46},
number = {4},
pages = {523--545},
issn = {0022-278X, 1469-7777},
doi = {10.1017/S0022278X08003479},
abstract = {ABSTRACT An extensive literature on the resource curse posits
that abundant natural resources curse countries possessing them
with negative economic, social and political externalities.
Usually, scholars identify tangible resources like oil, diamonds
or timber, rarely questioning whether other kinds of resources
might have the same impact, and under what conditions. This paper
examines how little-studied Djibouti's non-tangible resources~~
geo-strategic location and aid-inspiring poverty~~have produced
curse effects; with an economy dominated by US and French
military spending (and concomitant aid) and rents on trade
passing to and from Ethiopia, tiny Djibouti suffers from this
curse. It draws four conclusions. First, resource curse effects
can derive from non-traditional sources. Second, leaders' policy
decisions matter at least as much as the presence or absence of
resources. Third, advanced countries' spending patterns in their
less-developed allies often produce unintended consequences.
Finally, even tiny countries can provide scholars and policy
makers with new insights.},
langid = {english},
keywords = {country::Djibouti,status::skimmed,topic::modernization,
topic::poverty,topic::trade_liberalization},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/X6YSKQYR/Brass2008_Djibouti's unusual
resource curse.pdf},
}
@article{Brunori2018,
title = {Consumption Dynamics and Inequality of Opportunity with an
Application to {{Uganda}}},
@ -518,6 +625,27 @@
income inequality in rural Vietnam.pdf},
}
@article{Duta2017,
title = {DJIBOUTI: THE KEY OF THE HORN OF AFRICA},
author = {Duţă, Andreea Emilia},
date = {2017},
journaltitle = {Analele Universitǎti̧i "Constantin Brâncuşi" din Târgu Jiu.
Serie Litere și Ştiinţe Sociale},
pages = {33--43},
publisher = {{University Constantin Brancusi of Târgu-Jiu}},
location = {{Targu Jiu}},
issn = {1844-6051},
abstract = {This paper aims to put together the puzzle pieces that led to
Islamic radicalism in the Horn of Africa. Moreover it will
examine the consequences poor governance, unclear borders,
illegal arms trade and an unstable economy have on the region,
focusing on the state of Djibouti.These terms will be put in a
wider international context, analyzing what implications the
involvement of Western countries has on the region.},
copyright = {Copyright University Constantin Brancusi of Târgu-Jiu 2017},
langid = {rum},
}
@article{Ebrahim2021,
title = {Womens Economic Empowerment and {{COVID-19}}: The Case of
Vulnerable Women with Intersectional Identities in {{Indonesia}} and
@ -573,6 +701,97 @@
topic::trade_liberalization},
}
@article{ElKhamlichi2022,
title = {Comparative Study of {{COVID-19}} Situation between
Lower-Middle-Income Countries in the Eastern {{Mediterranean}}
Region},
author = {El Khamlichi, Sokaina and Maurady, Amal and Sedqui, Abdelfettah},
date = {2022-01},
journaltitle = {Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research},
shortjournal = {Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research},
volume = {12},
number = {1},
pages = {165--176},
issn = {22124268},
doi = {10.1016/j.jobcr.2021.10.004},
langid = {english},
keywords = {country::Djibouti,status::skimmed,topic::covid19},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/H9SGGQDQ/El Khamlichi2022_Comparative
study of COVID-19 situation between lower-middle-income countries.pdf
},
}
@article{Emara2020,
title = {Financial Inclusion and Extreme Poverty in the {{MENA}} Region: A
Gap Analysis Approach},
shorttitle = {Financial Inclusion and Extreme Poverty in the {{MENA}} Region
},
author = {Emara, Noha and Mohieldin, Mahmoud},
date = {2020-06-19},
journaltitle = {Review of Economics and Political Science},
shortjournal = {REPS},
volume = {5},
number = {3},
pages = {207--230},
issn = {2356-9980, 2631-3561},
doi = {10.1108/REPS-03-2020-0041},
abstract = {Purpose Eradicating extreme poverty remains one of the most
significant and challenging sustainable development goals (SDGs)
in the Middle East and North African (MENA) region. The latest
World Bank statistics from 2018 show that extreme poverty in MENA
increased from 2.6\% to 5\% between 2013 and 2015. MENA ranks
third among developing regions for extreme poverty and fell short
of halving extreme poverty by 2015 the target established by
the United Nations (UN) millennium development goals, the
precursor to the SDGs. The purpose of this study is to analyze
the impact of financial inclusion on extreme poverty for a sample
of 34 countries over the period 19902017.
Design/methodology/approach Using system general method of
moments dynamic panel estimation methodology on annual data for
11 MENA countries and 23 emerging markets (EMs) over the period
1990 2017, this study begins by estimating the impact of
financial inclusion using measures of access and usage on the
eradication of extreme poverty by 2030, the first goal of the
SDGs. Findings The results of the study indicate that, on one
hand, financial access measures have a positive, statistically
significant impact on reducing extreme poverty for the full
sample and the MENA region. The second part of the study uses a
gap analysis against four poverty targets 0\%, 1.5\%, 3\% and 5
\% and shows that no MENA country and few EM countries will be
able to close the extreme poverty gap and reach the target of 0\%
by 2030 by depending solely on improvements in financial access.
These targets are based on the two benchmarks set by the World
Bank and the UN, with intermediaries to capture error and give a
fuller picture of what is possible. However, if improvements in
financial inclusion alone can bring every EM and MENA country
except Djibouti and Romania to bring the most accessible target
of reducing global extreme poverty to no more than 5\% by 2030.
Originality/value While research on poverty reduction in the
region tends to focus on financial development and governance,
less attention has been paid to the role of financial inclusion.
SDG 1 eliminating poverty in all its forms explicitly
highlights the importance of access to financial services. Indeed
, evidence from Argentina, India, Kenya, Malawi, Niger and other
countries demonstrates the ways in which financial inclusion can
impact poverty (Klapper, El-Zoghbi and Hess, 2016). When people
are included in the financial system, they are better able to
improve their health, invest in education and business and make
choices that benefit their entire families. Financial inclusion
advances governments, too: introducing vast segments of the
population into the financial system by digitizing social
transfers, for example, can cut government costs and reduce
leakage, with benefits that ripple across society. Yet, the links
between financial inclusion and poverty reduction in MENA are
less established. This study aims to analyze the importance of
financial inclusion in addressing extreme poverty by 2030, the
year UN member states set as a target for achieving the SDGs.},
langid = {english},
keywords = {country::Djibouti,inequality::income,status::skimmed,
topic::poverty},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/X4KLTJFE/Emara2020_Financial inclusion
and extreme poverty in the MENA region.pdf},
}
@article{Esaku2021,
title = {Does the Shadow Economy Increase Income Inequality in the Short-
and Long-Run? {{Empirical}} Evidence from {{Uganda}}},
@ -693,8 +912,8 @@
institution = {{World Bank}},
location = {{Washington, D.C.}},
url = {https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/15871},
keywords = {country::Benin,inequality::rural,topic::electricity,topic::rural
},
keywords = {country::Benin,inequality::rural,status::skimmed,
topic::electricity,topic::rural},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/MYW9JFER/Golumbeanu2013_Connection
Charges and Electricity Access in Sub-Saharan Africa.pdf},
}
@ -926,6 +1145,22 @@
vulnerability and adaptations to climate-related.pdf},
}
@report{Ibarra2020,
title = {Location {{Matters}}: {{Welfare Among Urban}} and {{Rural Poor}} in
{{Djibouti}}},
author = {{World Bank}},
date = {2020},
series = {Poverty and {{Equity Note}}},
number = {18},
institution = {{World Bank}},
location = {{Washington, D.C.}},
url = {
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/203361579888116251/Location-Matters-Welfare-Among-Urban-and-Rural-Poor-in-Djibouti
},
keywords = {country::Djibouti,status::skimmed,topic::poverty},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/MPGT5NQI/Ibarra2020_Location Matters.pdf},
}
@article{Imai2011,
title = {Poverty, Inequality and Ethnic Minorities in {{Vietnam}}},
author = {Imai, Katsushi S. and Gaiha, Raghav and Kang, Woojin},
@ -1294,6 +1529,20 @@
Uganda.pdf},
}
@article{Martin2001,
title = {Djibouti},
author = {Martin, E. and Martin, P.},
date = {2001-09-29},
journaltitle = {BMJ},
shortjournal = {BMJ},
volume = {323},
number = {7315},
pages = {759--759},
issn = {0959-8138, 1468-5833},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.323.7315.759},
langid = {english},
}
@article{McCaig2011,
title = {Exporting out of Poverty: {{Provincial}} Poverty in {{Vietnam}} and
{{U}}.{{S}}. Market Access},
@ -1401,6 +1650,40 @@
and gender disparities in Beninese primary school attendance.pdf},
}
@report{Mendiratta2019,
title = {Challenges to {{Inclusive Growth}}: {{A Poverty}} and {{Equity
Assessment}} of {{Djibouti}}},
author = {{World Bank}},
date = {2019-12-03},
series = {Poverty and {{Equity Note}}},
number = {18},
institution = {{World Bank}},
location = {{Washington, D.C.}},
url = {
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/449741576097502078/Challenges-to-Inclusive-Growth-A-Poverty-and-Equity-Assessment-of-Djibouti
},
keywords = {country::Djibouti,topic::poverty},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/64DR8Z8S/Mendiratta2019_Challenges to
Inclusive Growth.pdf},
}
@report{Mendiratta2020,
title = {The {{Multi-Dimensional Nature}} of {{Poverty}} in {{Djibouti}}},
author = {{World Bank}},
date = {2020},
series = {Poverty and {{Equity Note}}},
number = {30},
institution = {{World Bank}},
location = {{Washington, D.C.}},
url = {
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/272691596006234817/The-Multi-Dimensional-Nature-of-Poverty-in-Djibouti
},
keywords = {country::Djibouti,topic::poverty},
file = {
/home/marty/Zotero/storage/TU49848D/The-Multi-Dimensional-Nature-of-Poverty-in-Djibouti.pdf
},
}
@article{MinhHo2021,
title = {{{DOES GOVERNMENT SPENDING ON EDUCATION AFFECT PROVINCIAL INCOME
INEQUALITY IN VIETNAM}}?},
@ -1444,6 +1727,45 @@
SPENDING ON EDUCATION AFFECT PROVINCIAL INCOME INEQUALITY IN.pdf},
}
@article{Mormul2016,
title = {Ethio{{Djiboutian}} Relations in the 21st Century towards New
African Cooperation},
author = {Mormul, Joanna},
date = {2016},
journaltitle = {Politeja},
volume = {13},
number = {42},
pages = {263--285},
publisher = {{KSIĘGARNIA AKADEMICKA Sp. z o.o}},
location = {{Krakow}},
issn = {1733-6716},
doi = {10.12797/Politeja.13.2016.42.16},
abstract = {Very good political and economic relations between Djibouti and
Ethiopia can be treated as an exceptional case in such a
conflictridden region as the Horn of Africa. EthioDjiboutian
cooperation owes its renaissance mostly to the consequences of
the EritreanEthiopian War (19982000) that left Ethiopia without
direct access to a sea basin. Today, almost 90 per cent of
Ethiopias imports arrive via the port of Djibouti, while
Ethiopia receives 95 per cent of the Djiboutian regional exports.
One of the major infrastructure projects that should even enhance
this interstate cooperation is the renovation of the Addis
AbabaDjibouti railway network. On the international level both
countries are committed to the question of security, peace, and
stability in the Horn of Africa (e.g. they are engaged in Somali
and South Sudanese peace processes). The aim of the article is to
analyze this specific personification of interstate cooperation,
taking into account the conceptual framework imposed by the
definition of interstate cooperation proposed by Robert Keohane
back in the 1980s. Moreover, the author attempts to look into the
reasons behind the development of such good relations, seeking an
answer to the question whether or not they are really mutually
beneficial.},
langid = {english},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/QA48TT2X/Mormul2016_EthioDjiboutian
relations in the 21st century towards new african cooperation.pdf},
}
@article{Mottet2009,
title = {Lurbanisation de la ville de Ninh Binh dans le delta du fleuve
rouge (Vietnam) : mise en perspective des forces et faiblesses de la
@ -1744,6 +2066,66 @@
to contemporary pressures on sloping agricultural land.pdf},
}
@article{Nosier2018,
title = {The {{Indirect Effect}} of {{Democracy}} on {{Economic Growth}} in
the {{MENA Region}} (19902015)},
author = {Nosier, Shereen and El-Karamani, Aya},
date = {2018-11-19},
journaltitle = {Economies},
shortjournal = {Economies},
volume = {6},
number = {4},
pages = {61},
issn = {2227-7099},
doi = {10.3390/economies6040061},
abstract = {This paper examines the indirect effect of democracy on economic
growth using a dataset of 17 MENA countries from 1990 to 2015.
Democracy is assumed to affect growth through a series of
channels: education, health, physical capital accumulation per
labor, government consumption, and trade openness. A system of
six simultaneous equations using 3SLS, is used to estimate the
effect of democracy on growth through these channels. For further
analysis, the countries are classified into groups according to
the democratic status on the one side, and the level of income on
the other. The results indicate that democracy enhances growth
through its positive effect on health in all classifications of
countries within the MENA region. However, the effect of
democracy on growth through education and physical capital/labor
is non-monotonic. Democracy hinders growth through government
size and trade openness. Once all of these indirect effects are
accounted for, the overall effect of democracy on growth is
negative in less democratic countries and poor countries, but
positive in more democratic countries and rich countries.},
langid = {english},
keywords = {country::Djibouti,status::skimmed,topic::trade_liberalization},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/Y8EAC6RC/Nosier2018_The Indirect Effect
of Democracy on Economic Growth in the MENA Region.pdf},
}
@incollection{OECD2009,
title = {Djibouti},
booktitle = {African Economic Outlook 2009},
author = {OECD},
date = {2009},
series = {African Economic Outlook},
pages = {211--224},
publisher = {{OECD Publishing}},
location = {{Paris}},
issn = {1999-1029},
url = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/aeo-2009-en},
abstract = {DJIBOUTI HAS THE ADVANTAGE OF exceptional geographic placement,
located at the confluence of maritime routes to Asia, Europe, the
Arabian Peninsula and East Africa. The bulk of its neighbouring
countries foreign trade passes through its international port.
Djibouti is an entry point to the Common Market for Eastern and
Southern Africa (COMESA), an economic area of close to 400
million consumers.},
isbn = {92-64-08383-9},
langid = {english},
organization = {{OECD}},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/6PGYN69I/OECD2009_Djibouti.pdf},
}
@book{OECD2013,
title = {Co-Operation {{Report}} 2013 : Ending Poverty.},
author = {OECD},
@ -1770,6 +2152,24 @@
2013.pdf},
}
@incollection{OECD2013a,
title = {Aid, Trade and Development Indicators for Djibouti},
booktitle = {Aid for Trade at a Glance 2013},
author = {OECD},
date = {2013},
series = {Aid for Trade at a Glance},
pages = {228--229},
publisher = {{OECD Publishing}},
location = {{Paris}},
issn = {2223-4411},
url = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/22234411},
isbn = {978-92-64-20102-6},
langid = {english},
organization = {{OECD}},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/CUJQ3HYN/OECD2013_Aid, trade and
development indicators for djibouti.pdf},
}
@book{OrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment2013,
title = {Global Food Security: Challenges for the Food and Agricultural
System},
@ -1798,6 +2198,26 @@
pagetotal = {649},
}
@article{Petrosino2012,
title = {Interventions in {{Developing Nations}} for {{Improving Primary}}
and {{Secondary School Enrollment}} of {{Children}}: {{A Systematic
Review}}},
shorttitle = {Interventions in {{Developing Nations}} for {{Improving
Primary}} and {{Secondary School Enrollment}} of {{Children}}},
author = {Petrosino, Anthony and Morgan, Claire and Fronius, Trevor A. and
TannerSmith, Emily E. and Boruch, Robert F.},
date = {2012-01},
journaltitle = {Campbell Systematic Reviews},
shortjournal = {Campbell Systematic Reviews},
volume = {8},
number = {1},
issn = {1891-1803, 1891-1803},
doi = {10.4073/csr.2012.19},
langid = {english},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/3WY6UMB2/Petrosino2012_Interventions in
Developing Nations for Improving Primary and Secondary School.pdf},
}
@article{PhamNgaThanhThi2021Nhea,
title = {Natural Hazard's Effect and Farmers' Perception: {{Perspectives}}
from Flash Floods and Landslides in Remotely Mountainous Regions of
@ -1993,6 +2413,22 @@
access and use of climate information in the.pdf},
}
@article{Smits2019,
title = {The {{Subnational Human Development Database}}},
author = {Smits, Jeroen and Permanyer, Iñaki},
date = {2019-03},
journaltitle = {Scientific Data},
shortjournal = {Sci Data},
volume = {6},
number = {1},
pages = {190038},
issn = {2052-4463},
doi = {10.1038/sdata.2019.38},
langid = {english},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/VV29YFBP/Smits2019_The Subnational Human
Development Database.pdf},
}
@article{Son2020,
title = {Community Adaptation and Climate Change in the {{Northern
Mountainous Region}} of {{Vietnam}}: {{A}} Case Study of Ethnic
@ -2177,6 +2613,21 @@
knowledge systems in subsistence agriculture, climate risk.pdf},
}
@report{TsouckIbounde2021,
title = {Djibouti {{Economic Monitor}}: {{Navigating}} through the {{
Pandemic}} and {{Regional Tensions}}},
author = {{World Bank}},
date = {2021},
institution = {{World Bank}},
location = {{Washington, D.C.}},
url = {
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/237751646144451455/Djibouti-Economic-Monitor-Navigating-through-the-Pandemic-and-Regional-Tensions
},
keywords = {country::Djibouti,topic::poverty},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/BM6ZY8AB/Tsouck Ibounde2020_Tsouck
Ibounde,Rick Emery Wes,Marina Mohammed,Nadir Le Borgne,Eric.pdf},
}
@article{Twongyirwe2019,
title = {Perceived Effects of Drought on Household Food Security in {{
South-western Uganda}}: {{Coping}} Responses and Determinants},
@ -2426,7 +2877,7 @@
@report{WorldBank2012,
title = {Vietnam Poverty Assessment: Well Begun, Not yet Done - {{Vietnam}}
's Remarkable Progress on Poverty Reduction and the Emerging
Challenges ({{English}}).},
Challenges},
author = {{World Bank}},
date = {2012},
institution = {{World Bank}},
@ -2516,6 +2967,73 @@
Outlook for Benin.pdf},
}
@report{WorldBank2022c,
title = {Macro {{Poverty Outlook}} for {{Djibouti}} : {{April}} 2022},
author = {{World Bank}},
date = {2022},
institution = {{World Bank}},
location = {{Washington, D.C.}},
url = {
https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/099310104232265208/idu08979c8f809e1604dc70be93050dce6a02a23
},
keywords = {country::Djibouti,status::read,topic::poverty},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/GP5993W5/World Bank2022_Macro Poverty
Outlook for Djibouti.pdf},
}
@report{WorldBank2022d,
title = {Djibouti {{Gender Landscape}}},
author = {{World Bank}},
date = {2022},
series = {Country {{Gender Landscape}}},
institution = {{World Bank}},
location = {{Washington, D.C.}},
url = {
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099929206302212659/IDU068dce0c7003280435b099f8040232925d37f
},
keywords = {country::Djibouti,inequality::gender,status::read,topic::gender},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/LR8Z2RKE/World Bank2022_Djibouti Gender
Landscape.pdf},
}
@book{WorldBankWashingtonDistrictofColumbia2020,
title = {Poverty and {{Shared Prosperity}} 2020: Reversals of Fortune},
shorttitle = {Poverty and {{Shared Prosperity}} 2020},
editor = {World Bank (Washington, District of Columbia)},
date = {2020},
series = {Poverty and Shared Prosperity},
publisher = {{World Bank}},
location = {{Washington}},
abstract = {"Previous Poverty and Shared Prosperity reports have conveyed
the difficult message that the world is not on track to meet the
global goal of reducing extreme poverty to 3 percent by 2030.
This edition brings the unwelcome news that COVID-19, along with
conflict and climate change, has not merely slowed global poverty
reduction but reversed it for first time in over twenty years.
With COVID-19 predicted to push up to 100 million additional
people into extreme poverty in 2020, trends in global poverty
rates will be set back at least three years over the next decade.
Today, 40 percent of the global poor live in fragile or
conflict-affected situations, a share that could reach two-thirds
by 2030. Multiple effects of climate change could drive an
estimated 65 to 129 million people into poverty in the same
period. "Reversing the reversal" will require responding
effectively to COVID-19, conflict, and climate change while not
losing focus on the challenges that most poor people continue to
face most of the time. Though these are distinctive types of
challenges, there is much to be learned from the initial response
to COVID-19 that has broader implications for development policy
and practice, just as decades of addressing more familiar
development challenges yield insights that can inform responses
to today's unfamiliar but daunting ones. Solving novel problems
requires rapid learning, open cooperation, and strategic
coordination by everyone: from political leaders and scientists
to practitioners and citizens"--},
isbn = {978-1-4648-1602-4},
file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/NTSPMLHE/World Bank (Washington, District
of Columbia)2020_Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020.pdf},
}
@article{Yikii2017,
title = {Prevalence of Household Food Insecurity in Wetland Adjacent Areas
of {{Uganda}}},