140 lines
4.6 KiB
YAML
140 lines
4.6 KiB
YAML
abstract: 'Aims of the Study: In this study, we explore whether ex ante work
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expectations, conditional on work force status at age 62, affect
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self-reported depressive symptoms at age 62.
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Methods: Our sample includes 4,387 participants of the Health and
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Retirement Study, a national longitudinal survey of individuals born
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between 1931 and 194 1, and their spouses. The sample is composed of
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workers who were less than 62 years of age at the study baseline (1992),
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and who had reached age 62 by the current study endpoint (2004). This
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sample enables comparison of realized work status with prior
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expectations. We estimate the impact of expected work status on
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self-reported depressive symptoms using negative binomial and logistic
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regression methods. Sex-stratified regressions are estimated according
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to full-time work status at age 62. The primary outcome is a summary
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measure of self-reported depressive symptoms based on a short form of
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the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale. The
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explanatory variable of interest is the subjective probability of
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working full-time at the age of 62, reported by participants at the 1992
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HRS baseline. We control for baseline socioeconomic and demographic
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variables as well as life events and changes in macroeconomic conditions
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that occur within the study timeframe.
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Results: Among participants who were not working full time at age 62, we
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find that men who provided a higher ex ante likelihood of full-time
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employment at 62 had significantly worse self-reported depressive
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symptoms than men who provided a lower ex ante likelihood. A similar
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effect was not found for women. Among participants who were working full
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time at age 62, we do not find a statistical relationship between ex
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ante expectations and age-62 self-reported depressive symptoms, for
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either men or women.
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Discussion: The results suggest that an earlier-than-anticipated work
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exit is detrimental to mental health for men nearing normal retirement
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age. Previous research has demonstrated that stress is a causal factor
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in depression, and a premature labor force departure, which is
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inconsistent with an individual''s cognitive judgment of a suitably timed
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exit from work, is a psychologically stressful transition that could
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realistically induce depression. This may be especially true of men, who
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in this cohort, have stronger labor force attachment than women and tend
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to define their roles by their occupation. The advantages of the study
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include nationally representative data, a baseline depression control
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that circumscribes the effect of endogeneity, and a reasonably long
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follow-up. Despite our efforts to infer causality, unmeasured factors
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may account for part of the observed relationship.
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Implications for Health Policy and Research: Depression is a disease
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that, if untreated, may have serious consequences for behavioral,
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medical, and social well-being. Our results suggest that further
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research should aim to estimate the magnitude of clinically severe and
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mild depression in populations of those who retire earlier than
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expected, especially for men. Such information could help health care
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planners and policy makers to direct resources to the mental health
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needs of men who retire prematurely.'
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affiliation: 'Sindelar, JL (Corresponding Author), Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven,
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CT 06520 USA.
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Sindelar, Jody L., Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
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Sindelar, Jody L., Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA.
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Gallo, William T., CUNY Hunter Coll, Brookdale Ctr Healthy Aging \& Longev, New
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York, NY 10021 USA.
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Gallo, William T., CUNY Hunter Coll, Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10021 USA.'
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author: Falba, T'racy A. and Sindelar, Jody L. and Gallo, William T.
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author-email: jody.sindelar@yale.edu
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author_list:
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- family: Falba
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given: T'racy A.
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- family: Sindelar
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given: Jody L.
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- family: Gallo
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given: William T.
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da: '2023-09-28'
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eissn: 1099-176X
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files: []
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issn: 1091-4358
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journal: JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS
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keywords-plus: RETIREMENT EXPECTATIONS; HEALTH; SYMPTOMS; DECISION; MODEL
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language: English
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month: DEC
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number: '4'
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number-of-cited-references: '38'
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pages: 175-186
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papis_id: f1a04508ccbd30c3f9ae7c9f047a0d49
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ref: Falba2009workexpectations
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times-cited: '27'
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title: Work Expectations, Realizations, and Depression in Older Workers
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type: Article
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unique-id: WOS:000273277800002
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usage-count-last-180-days: '4'
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usage-count-since-2013: '21'
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volume: '12'
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web-of-science-categories: Health Policy \& Services; Psychiatry
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year: '2009'
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