25 lines
3.5 KiB
Text
25 lines
3.5 KiB
Text
area of policy,findings,channels,studies
|
|
minimum wage,mixed evidence for short-/medium-term income inequality impacts,can lead to income compression at higher-earner ends,Wong2019;Sotomayor2021;Alinaghi2020;Gilbert2001
|
|
,some evidence for long-term inequality decrease,job loss offsets through higher wages,Sotomayor2021;Chao2022;SilveiraNeto2011
|
|
,,some spatial transfer from urban manufacturing sectors to rural agricultural sectors
|
|
,bad targeting can exacerbate existing inequalities,negative effect on women's hours worked if strong household labour divisions,Alinaghi2020;Wong2019;Militaru2019
|
|
,,low-earners sometimes secondary high-income household earners while low-wage households have no earners at all
|
|
,"potential impact larger for single parents, rural/disadvantaged locations",women more affected if they make up large share of low-wage earners,Alinaghi2020;Gilbert2001;SilveiraNeto2011
|
|
labour regulation,mixed evidence for effects of labour regulation on income inequality ,with lacking institutional capabilities no effective targeting possible,Adams2015;Broadway2020;Davies2022;Dustmann2012
|
|
paid leave,evidence for significant increase in rtw after childbirth,esp. disadvantaged women benefit due to no prior employer-funded leave,Broadway2020;Dustmann2012;Davies2022
|
|
,some evidence for positive rtw effects to occur with medium-/long-term time delay,short-term exit but no long-term increase to hiring pattern discrimination,Broadway2020;Dustmann2012
|
|
,,can exacerbate existing household labour division
|
|
,mixed evidence for fixed-/short-term contracts counter-acting effect on rtw,fixed-term contracts often insufficiently covered by otherwise applicable labour regulation,Davies2022;Mun2018
|
|
collective bargaining,evidence for decreased income inequality with strong unionisation,stronger collective political power vector enables more equal redistributive policies,Alexiou2023;Cardinaleschi2019
|
|
,,"increased probability for employment on formal, standard employment contract"
|
|
,marginal evidence for increased income/representation of women/minorities in workforce/management,internal heterogeneity due to predominantly affecting median part of wage distribution,Ferguson2015;Ahumada2023
|
|
,,self-selection of people joining more unionised enterprises/organisations/sectors
|
|
,,"depending on targeting of concurrent policies can bestow more benefits on men, increasing horizontal inequalities"
|
|
workfare programmes,evidence for decrease of vertical inequality,,Whitworth2021;Li2022
|
|
,evidence for possibility of increased spatial inequalities,bad targeting increases deprivations for already job-deprived areas,Whitworth2021
|
|
,evidence for effective outcomes dependent on on prior material equalities,prior inequalities such as land ownership can lead to political capture and less effective policies,Li2022
|
|
social protection,evidence for conditional cash transfers producing short- and long-term inequality reduction,production of short-term cash influx,Debowicz2014;Standing2015
|
|
,,conditioning on school attendance can decrease educational inequalities over long-term
|
|
,mixed evidence for childcare subsidies decreasing gender inequalities,lifting credit constraints greater effect on low-income households,Hardoy2015;Debowicz2014;Clark2019;Hojman2019
|
|
,evidence for stagnating income replacement rates exacerbating existing vertical inequalities,benefit levels unlinked from wages can widen division between income groups,Wang2016
|
|
,healthcare subsidy impacts strongly dependent on correct targeting,dependence on non-participation in labour market may generate benefit trap,Carstens2018
|