wow-inequalities/02-data/intermediate/wos_sample/c83cc877589fcdb4027912cb9ebcd5c5-meng-xin/info.yaml

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2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
abstract: 'Over the past few decades of economic reform, China''s labor markets have
been transformed to an increasingly market-driven system. China has two
segregated economies: the rural and urban. Understanding the shifting
nature of this divide is probably the key to understanding the most
important labor market reform issues of the last decades and the decades
ahead. From 1949, the Chinese economy allowed virtually no labor
mobility between the rural and urban sectors. Rural-urban segregation
was enforced by a household registration system called ``hukou.{''''}
Individuals born in rural areas receive ``agriculture hukou{''''} while
those born in cities are designated as ``nonagricultural hukou.{''''} In
the countryside, employment and income were linked to the commune-based
production system. Collectively owned communes provided very basic
coverage for health, education, and pensions. In cities, state-assigned
life-time employment, centrally determined wages, and a cradle-to-grave
social welfare system were implemented. In the late 1970s, China''s
economic reforms began, but the timing and pattern of the changes were
quite different across rural and urban labor markets. This paper focuses
on employment and wages in the urban labor markets, the interaction
between the urban and rural labor markets through migration, and future
labor market challenges. Despite the remarkable changes that have
occurred, inherited institutional impediments still play an important
role in the allocation of labor; the hukou system remains in place, and
72 percent of China''s population is still identified as rural hukou
holders. China must continue to ease its restrictions on rurala is an
element of urban migration, and must adopt policies to close the
widening rural-urban gap in education, or it risks suffering both a
shortage of workers in the growing urban areas and a deepening
urban-rural economic divide.'
affiliation: 'Meng, X (Corresponding Author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Econ,
Coll Business \& Econ, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Econ, Coll Business \& Econ, Canberra, ACT, Australia.'
author: Meng, Xin
author-email: xin.meng@anu.edu.au
author_list:
- family: Meng
given: Xin
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1257/jep.26.4.75
eissn: 1944-7965
files: []
issn: 0895-3309
journal: JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES
keywords-plus: URBAN CHINA; EDUCATION; INEQUALITY; POLICY; INCOME
language: English
month: FAL
number: '4'
number-of-cited-references: '73'
pages: 75-101
papis_id: 8ea1f0abf2283c9b1b3a58adad9bdd64
ref: Meng2012labormarket
times-cited: '230'
title: Labor Market Outcomes and Reforms in China
2023-10-01 08:15:07 +00:00
type: article
2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
unique-id: WOS:000310776500005
usage-count-last-180-days: '12'
usage-count-since-2013: '100'
volume: '26'
web-of-science-categories: Economics
year: '2012'