wow-inequalities/02-data/intermediate/wos_sample/e6f832d38d042d238e62c31720e1ac33-kristjansson-elizab/info.yaml

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2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
abstract: 'Background
Undernutrition contributes to five million deaths of children under five
each year. Furthermore, throughout the life cycle, undernutrition
contributes to increased risk of infection, poor cognitive functioning,
chronic disease, and mortality. It is thus important for decision-makers
to have evidence about the effectiveness of nutrition interventions for
young children.
Objectives
Primary objective
1. To assess the effectiveness of supplementary feeding interventions,
alone or with co-intervention, for improving the physical and
psychosocial health of disadvantaged children aged three months to five
years.
Secondary objectives
1. To assess the potential of such programmes to reduce socio-economic
inequalities in undernutrition.
2. To evaluate implementation and to understand how this may impact on
outcomes.
3. To determine whether there are any adverse effects of supplementary
feeding.
Search methods
We searched CENTRAL, Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and seven other databases
for all available years up to January 2014. We also searched
ClinicalTrials.gov and several sources of grey literature. In addition,
we searched the reference lists of relevant articles and reviews, and
asked experts in the area about ongoing and unpublished trials.
Selection criteria
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), cluster-RCTs, controlled clinical
trials (CCTs), controlled before-and-after studies (CBAs), and
interrupted time series (ITS) that provided supplementary food (with or
without co-intervention) to children aged three months to five years,
from all countries. Adjunctive treatments, such as nutrition education,
were allowed. Controls had to be untreated.
Data collection and analysis
Two or more review authors independently reviewed searches, selected
studies for inclusion or exclusion, extracted data, and assessed risk of
bias. We conducted meta-analyses for continuous data using the mean
difference (MD) or the standardised mean difference (SMD) with a 95\%
confidence interval (CI), correcting for clustering if necessary. We
analysed studies from low-and middle-income countries and from
high-income countries separately, and RCTs separately from CBAs. We
conducted a process evaluation to understand which factors impact on
effectiveness.
Main results
We included 32 studies (21 RCTs and 11 CBAs); 26 of these (16 RCTs and
10 CBAs) were in meta-analyses. More than 50\% of the RCTs were judged
to have low risk of bias for random selection and incomplete outcome
assessment. We judged most RCTS to be unclear for allocation
concealment, blinding of outcome assessment, and selective outcome
reporting. Because children and parents knew that they were given food,
we judged blinding of participants and personnel to be at high risk for
all studies.
Growth. Supplementary feeding had positive effects on growth in
low-andmiddle-income countries. Meta-analysis of the RCTs showed that
supplemented children gained an average of 0.12 kg more than controls
over six months (95\% confidence interval (CI) 0.05 to 0.18, 9 trials,
1057 participants, moderate quality evidence). In the CBAs, the effect
was similar; 0.24 kg over a year (95\% CI 0.09 to 0.39, 1784
participants, very low quality evidence). In high-income countries, one
RCT found no difference in weight, but in a CBA with 116 Aboriginal
children in Australia, the effect on weight was 0.95 kg (95\% CI 0.58 to
1.33). For height, meta-analysis of nine RCTs revealed that supplemented
children grew an average of 0.27 cm more over six months than those who
were not supplemented (95\% CI 0.07 to 0.48, 1463 participants, moderate
quality evidence). Meta-analysis of seven CBAs showed no evidence of an
effect (mean difference (MD) 0.52 cm, 95\% CI -0.07 to 1.10, 7 trials,
1782 participants, very low quality evidence). Meta-analyses of the RCTs
demonstrated benefits for weight-for-age z-scores (WAZ) (MD 0.15, 95\%
CI 0.05 to 0.24, 8 trials, 1565 participants, moderate quality
evidence), and height-for-age z-scores (HAZ) (MD 0.15, 95\% CI 0.06 to
0.24, 9 trials, 4638 participants, moderate quality evidence), but not
for weight-for-height z-scores MD 0.10 (95\% CI -0.02 to 0.22, 7 trials,
4176 participants, moderate quality evidence). Meta-analyses of the CBAs
showed no effects on WAZ, HAZ, or WHZ (very low quality evidence). We
found moderate positive effects for haemoglobin (SMD 0.49, 95\% CI 0.07
to 0.91, 5 trials, 300 participants) in a meta-analysis of the RCTs.
Psychosocial outcomes. Eight RCTs in low-and middle-income countries
assessed psychosocial outcomes. Our meta-analysis of two studies showed
moderate positive effects of feeding on psychomotor development (SMD
0.41, 95\% CI 0.10 to 0.72, 178 participants). The evidence of effects
on cognitive development was sparse and mixed.
We found evidence of substantial leakage. When feeding was given at
home, children benefited from only 36\% of the energy in the supplement.
However, when the supplementary food was given in day cares or feeding
centres, there was less leakage; children took in 85\% of the energy
provided in the supplement. Supplementary food was generally more
effective for younger children (less than two years of age) and for
those who were poorer/less well-nourished. Results for sex were
equivocal. Our results also suggested that feeding programmes which were
given in day-care/feeding centres and those which provided a
moderate-to-high proportion of the recommended daily intake (\% RDI) for
energy were more effective.
Authors'' conclusions
Feeding programmes for young children in low- and middle-income
countries can work, but good implementation is key.'
affiliation: 'Kristjansson, E (Corresponding Author), Univ Ottawa, Sch Psychol, Fac
Social Sci, Room 407C,Montpetit Hall,125 Univ, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
Kristjansson, Elizabeth, Univ Ottawa, Sch Psychol, Fac Social Sci, Room 407C,Montpetit
Hall,125 Univ, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
Francis, Damian K., Univ W Indies, Epidemiol Res Unit, Mona Kingston 7, Jamaica.
Liberato, Selma, Charles Darwin Univ, Nutr Res Team, Menzies Sch Hlth Res, Darwin,
NT 0909, Australia.
Jandu, Maria Benkhalti, Univ Ottawa, Ctr Global Hlth, Inst Populat Hlth, Ottawa,
ON, Canada.
Welch, Vivian, Univ Ottawa, Bruyere Res Inst, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Batal, Malek, Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Dept Nutr, WHO Collaborating Ctr Nutr Changes
\& Dev TRANSNUT, Quebec City, PQ, Canada.
Greenhalgh, Trish, Barts \& London Queen Marys Sch Med \& Dent, Ctr Primary Care
\& Publ Hlth, London, England.
Rader, Tamara, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Grp, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Noonan, Eamonn, Norwegian Knowledge Ctr Hlth Serv, Oslo, Norway.
Shea, Beverley; Wells, George A., Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol \& Community Med,
Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Janzen, Laura, Hosp Sick Children, Dept Psychol, 555 Univ Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8,
Canada.
Janzen, Laura, Hosp Sick Children, Div Hematol Oncol, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
Petticrew, Mark, London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, Dept Social \& Environm Hlth Res, Fac
Publ Hlth \& Policy, London WC1, England.'
article-number: CD009924
author: Kristjansson, Elizabeth and Francis, Damian K. and Liberato, Selma and Jandu,
Maria Benkhalti and Welch, Vivian and Batal, Malek and Greenhalgh, Trish and Rader,
Tamara and Noonan, Eamonn and Shea, Beverley and Janzen, Laura and Wells, George
A. and Petticrew, Mark
author-email: kristjan@uottawa.ca
author_list:
- family: Kristjansson
given: Elizabeth
- family: Francis
given: Damian K.
- family: Liberato
given: Selma
- family: Jandu
given: Maria Benkhalti
- family: Welch
given: Vivian
- family: Batal
given: Malek
- family: Greenhalgh
given: Trish
- family: Rader
given: Tamara
- family: Noonan
given: Eamonn
- family: Shea
given: Beverley
- family: Janzen
given: Laura
- family: Wells
given: George A.
- family: Petticrew
given: Mark
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009924.pub2
eissn: 1361-6137
files: []
issn: 1469-493X
journal: COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
keywords-plus: 'USE THERAPEUTIC FOOD; NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTATION; MICRONUTRIENT
SUPPLEMENT; UNDERNOURISHED CHILDREN; LINEAR GROWTH;
DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; STUNTED CHILDREN; MALNOURISHED
CHILDREN; NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS'
language: English
number: '3'
number-of-cited-references: '159'
orcid-numbers: 'Greenhalgh, Trisha/0000-0003-2369-8088
Welch, Vivian Andrea/0000-0002-5238-7097
Rader, Tamara/0000-0002-9059-3756'
papis_id: cc4add6ab5952af355e481729fd247c0
ref: Kristjansson2015foodsupplementation
researcherid-numbers: 'Greenhalgh, Trisha/B-1825-2015
Petticrew, Mark/AAY-6274-2021
Rader, Tamara/H-9469-2013
Welch, Vivian Andrea/AAD-9338-2020
Kristjansson, Elizabeth/AAT-9709-2020
'
tags:
- review
times-cited: '51'
title: Food supplementation for improving the physical and psychosocial health of
socio-economically disadvantaged children aged three months to five years (Review)
2023-10-01 08:15:07 +00:00
type: article
2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
unique-id: WOS:000375542100028
usage-count-last-180-days: '3'
usage-count-since-2013: '22'
web-of-science-categories: Medicine, General \& Internal
year: '2015'