wow-inequalities/02-data/intermediate/wos_sample/a0d9de538c63f8969011ee91c0f2dbf3-mudaranthakam-dines/info.yaml

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2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
abstract: 'Background: Studying patients'' social needs is critical to the
understanding of health conditions and disparities, and to inform
strategies for improving health outcomes. Studies have shown that people
of color, low-income families, and those with lower educational
attainment experience greater hardships related to social needs. The
COVID-19 pandemic represents an event that severely impacted people''s
social needs. This pandemic was declared by the World Health
Organization on March 11, 2020, and contributed to food and housing
insecurity, while highlighting weaknesses in the health care system
surrounding access to care. To combat these issues, legislators
implemented unique policies and procedures to help alleviate worsening
social needs throughout the pandemic, which had not previously been
exerted to this degree. We believe that improvements related to COVID-19
legislature and policy have positively impacted people''s social needs in
Kansas and Missouri, United States. In particular, Wyandotte County is
of interest as it suffers greatly from issues related to social needs
that many of these COVID-19-related policies aimed to improve.Objective:
The research objective of this study was to evaluate the change in
social needs before and after the COVID-19 pandemic declaration based on
responses to a survey from The University of Kansas Health System
(TUKHS). We further aimed to compare the social needs of respondents
from Wyandotte County from those of respondents in other counties in the
Kansas City metropolitan area.Methods: Social needs survey data from
2016 to 2022 were collected from a 12-question patient-administered
survey distributed by TUKHS during a patient visit. This provided a
longitudinal data set with 248,582 observations, which was narrowed down
into a paired-response data set for 50,441 individuals who had provided
at least one response before and after March 11, 2020. These data were
then bucketed by county into Cass (Missouri), Clay (Missouri), Jackson
(Missouri), Johnson (Kansas), Leavenworth (Kansas), Platte (Missouri),
Wyandotte (Kansas), and Other counties, creating groupings with at least
1000 responses in each category. A pre-post composite score was
calculated for each individual by adding their coded responses (yes=1,
no=0) across the 12 questions. The Stuart-Maxwell marginal homogeneity
test was used to compare the pre and post composite scores across all
counties. Additionally, McNemar tests were performed to compare
responses before and after March 11, 2020, for each of the 12 questions
across all counties. Finally, McNemar tests were performed for questions
1, 7, 8, 9, and 10 for each of the bucketed counties. Significance was
assessed at P<.05 for all tests.Results: The Stuart-Maxwell test for
marginal homogeneity was significant (P<.001), indicating that
respondents were overall less likely to identify an unmet social need
after the COVID-19 pandemic. McNemar tests for individual questions
indicated that after the COVID-19 pandemic, respondents across all
counties were less likely to identify unmet social needs related to food
availability (odds ratio {[}OR]=0.4073, P<.001), home utilities
(OR=0.4538, P<.001), housing (OR=0.7143, P<.001), safety among
cohabitants (OR=0.6148, P<.001), safety in their residential location
(OR=0.6172, P<.001), child care (OR=0.7410, P<0.01), health care access
(OR=0.3895, P<.001), medication adherence (OR=0.5449, P<.001), health
care adherence (OR=0.6378, P<.001), and health care literacy (0.8729,
P=.
02), and were also less likely to request help with these unmet needs
(OR=0.7368, P<.001) compared with prepandemic responses. Responses from
individual counties were consistent with the overall results for the
most part. Notably, no individual county demonstrated a significant
reduction in social needs relating to a lack of
companionship.Conclusions: Post-COVID-19 responses showed improvement
across almost all social needs-related questions, indicating that the
federal policy response possibly had a positive impact on social needs
across the populations of Kansas and western Missouri. Some counties
were impacted more than others and positive outcomes were not limited to
urban counties. The availability of resources, safety net services,
access to health care, and educational opportunities could play a role
in this change. Future research should focus on improving survey
response rates from rural counties to increase their sample size, and to
evaluate other explanatory variables such as food pantry access,
educational status, employment opportunities, and access to community
resources. Government policies should be an area of focused research as
they may affect the social needs and health of the individuals
considered in this analysis.'
affiliation: 'Mudaranthakam, DP (Corresponding Author), Univ Kansas, Dept Biostat
\& Data Sci, Med Ctr, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA.
Mudaranthakam, Dinesh Pal; Pepper, Sam; Alsup, Alexander, Univ Kansas, Dept Biostat
\& Data Sci, Med Ctr, Kansas City, KS USA.
Fortney, Tanner; Calhoun, Elizabeth, Univ Kansas, Dept Populat Hlth, Med Ctr, Kansas
City, KS USA.
Woodward, Jennifer, Univ Kansas, Dept Family Med \& Community Hlth, Med Ctr, Kansas
City, KS USA.
Sykes, Kevin, Univ Kansas, Dept Otolaryngol Head \& Neck Surg, Med Ctr, Kansas City,
KS USA.
Mudaranthakam, Dinesh Pal, Univ Kansas, Dept Biostat \& Data Sci, Med Ctr, 3901
Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA.'
author: Mudaranthakam, Dinesh Pal and Pepper, Sam and Fortney, Tanner and Alsup, Alexander
and Woodward, Jennifer and Sykes, Kevin and Calhoun, Elizabeth
author-email: dmudaranthakam@kumc.edu
author_list:
- family: Mudaranthakam
given: Dinesh Pal
- family: Pepper
given: Sam
- family: Fortney
given: Tanner
- family: Alsup
given: Alexander
- family: Woodward
given: Jennifer
- family: Sykes
given: Kevin
- family: Calhoun
given: Elizabeth
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.2196/41369
files: []
issn: 2369-2960
journal: JMIR PUBLIC HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE
keywords: 'social determinants of health; COVID-19; food assistance program; public
health; quality of life; well-being; health disparity; health inequity;
health policy; Kansas; social work; socioeconomic'
keywords-plus: HEALTH; DETERMINANTS; DISPARITIES
language: English
number-of-cited-references: '42'
orcid-numbers: 'Sykes, Kevin/0000-0001-9379-3406
Alsup, Alexander/0000-0002-9487-4686
Mudaranthakam, Dinesh Pal/0000-0001-9767-1158'
papis_id: b4660c2beb853c47baa080556ddaa151
ref: Mudaranthakam2023effectscovid19
researcherid-numbers: 'Sykes, Kevin/D-5897-2013
'
times-cited: '0'
title: 'The Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic Policy on Social Needs Across the State of
Kansas and Western Missouri: Paired Survey Response Testing'
2023-10-01 08:15:07 +00:00
type: article
2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
unique-id: WOS:001008842600022
usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
usage-count-since-2013: '0'
volume: '9'
web-of-science-categories: Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health
year: '2023'