wow-inequalities/02-data/intermediate/wos_sample/ae175b0cf1023a7f9b06a0a9a72f2e56-nordberg-e/info.yaml

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2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
abstract: 'Injuries are common and on increase in most developing countries,
including sub-Saharan Africa. A large proportion of the injuries are
caused by road traffic accidents, falls, burns, assaults, bites, stings
and other animal-related injuries, poisonings, drownings/near-drownings
and suicide. Globally, injuries are responsible for about five per cent
of the total mortality, and the overall global annual costs were
estimated in the late 1980s at around US\$500 billion. The burden and
pattern of injuries in Africa and other developing areas are poorly
known and not well studied. The incidence is on the increase, partly due
to rapid growth of motorised transport and to expansion of industrial
production without adequate safety precautions. This is a review of data
on various kinds of injuries in developing countries with a focus on
sub-Saharan Africa. A computerised search of the relevant literature
published between 1985 and 1998 was conducted and a manual search of
journals publishing texts on health in low-income countries and in
tropical environments was also done. A few studies on injury prevention
policy and on research related to injury epidemiology and prevention
have also been identified and included. Bt is concluded that in a
relatively typical East African area with a total mortality rate of
1,300/130,000/year, injuries are likely to cause around 100 of these
deaths. The corresponding total rate of significant injuries is
estimated at 40,000/100,000/year with a breakdown as tabulated below.
Estimated incidence of injuries and injury-related deaths in East Africa
{[}GRAPHICS]
Although a few surveys and other investigations of injuries have been
conducted over the years, injury epidemiology and control remain
under-researched and relatively neglected subject areas. Much needs to
be done. Collection and analysis of injury data need to be standardised,
for example regarding age groups, gender disaggregation and severity.
Injuries and accidents should be subdivided in at least road traffic
injury, fall, burn, assault, poisoning, drowning, suicide, homicide and
others, and details regarding time and place, victim and main cause
should be noted. Morbidity survey field staff should be informed that
injuries are part of the illness concept and that questions should be
asked accordingly. Details regarding the circumstances surrounding
different injuries must be known to those who develop preventive
programmes. Injury is a public health problem affecting some people more
than others. Our ordinary environment - the home, the work-site, the
street or road - represents various kinds of risk, and some of these are
difficult to eliminate. Not only do we have to accept much of our
environment with its existing houses, equipment, vehicles, transport
systems, energy supply, toxic substances etcetera, many also suffer from
various inherited or acquired conditions that increase the risk. We
therefore need to develop safer and more ``forgiving{''''} living
environments where ordinary people can live and move around safely.
Injury control activities may focus on different categories of injury.
Road safety measures often include information and education campaigns,
improved driver training, road design and maintenance, regular vehicle
safety checks, separation of pedestrians from vehicle traffic, speed
limits, safety belt, air-bag and helmet use, special training and
control of public service vehicle drivers, bicycle lane separation, road
lighting, reflectorised materials on clothing, review of the road
traffic related legislation and law enforcement, and emergency medical
services improvement. Domestic injuries can be prevented for example
with window guards, child barriers at stairs, smoke detectors, clothes
and furniture in less flammable materials, replacement of open stoves,
stabilising of open lamps, fire-fighting equipment and practice,
child-proof poison packaging and storage, safe disposal of toxic waste,
home safety education of parents, and strict building code enforcement.
Occupational injuries can largely be prevented if well adapted to the
work environment. Research is required in several areas. An improved
facility-based injury recording and reporting system needs to be
developed and tested. There is need to combine data collection methods,
such as interview surveys, hospital records, police records, focus group
discussions and key informant interviews. The outcome of emergency
medical care and of different forms of transport and referral needs to
be determined. Different combinations of preventive interventions needs
to be evaluated. This review is intended as guidance for those who need
a broad overview of the subject of injury occurrence and prevention in
Africa, for example in preparation for the development of injury control
programmes or to help identify issues requiring further research in this
field.'
affiliation: 'Nordberg, E (Corresponding Author), African Med \& Res Fdn, POB 30125,
Nairobi, Kenya.
African Med \& Res Fdn, Nairobi, Kenya.'
author: Nordberg, E
author_list:
- family: Nordberg
given: E
da: '2023-09-28'
files: []
issn: 0012-835X
journal: EAST AFRICAN MEDICAL JOURNAL
keywords-plus: 'ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS; RURAL SWEDISH MUNICIPALITY; NORTHEASTERN OHIO
TRAUMA; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; THIRD-WORLD; SRI-LANKA; CHILDHOOD BURNS;
UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; UNINTENTIONAL INJURIES'
language: English
month: DEC
number: 12, S
number-of-cited-references: '372'
pages: S1-S43
papis_id: d662f65fedfbb12ad7f68a0d567c52b4
ref: Nordberg2000injuriespublic
tags:
- review
times-cited: '72'
title: 'Injuries as a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa: Epidemiology and
prospects for control'
2023-10-01 08:15:07 +00:00
type: article
2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
unique-id: WOS:000166195100001
usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
usage-count-since-2013: '36'
volume: '77'
web-of-science-categories: Medicine, General \& Internal
year: '2000'