2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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abstract: 'The paper examines the time allocation between paid work (wage earning
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or self-employed work generally termed as employment work) and unpaid
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(domestic chores/care work generally termed as non-employment work)
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along with wage rates, imputed earnings, and occupational structure
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among men and women and according to different social groups to
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establish the extent to which the rural labour market is discriminated
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by sex and social group. The major objective of the paper is to show the
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differential in wage income between men and women in farm and non-farm
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activities. The paper also shows the division of time between employment
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and non-employment activities by men and women. The paper uses
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high-frequency data and applies econometric techniques to know the
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factors behind time allocation among different activities across gender.
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The study finds that males spend more hours on employment work and work
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at a higher wage rate than females. As a result, a vast monetary income
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gap between men and women is observed, even though women worked more
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hours if employment and non-employment activities are jointly taken into
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consideration. Time spent on employment work and non-employment (mainly
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domestic chores) has been found to vary significantly due to social
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identity, household wealth, land, income, education, and skill. The
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segregation of labour market by sex was evident in this study, with men
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shifting to non-farm occupations with greater monetary returns and
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continued dependence on women''s farm activities. Enhancing the ownership
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of land and other assets, encouraging women''s participation particularly
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among minorities, and improving health are some of the policy
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recommendations directed from this study to enhance participation in
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employment work and shifting towards higher wage income employment.'
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affiliation: 'Reddy, AA (Corresponding Author), Indian Council Agr Res, Cent Res Inst
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Dryland Agr, Hyderabad 500059, Telangana, India.
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Reddy, A. Amarender, Indian Council Agr Res, Cent Res Inst Dryland Agr, Hyderabad
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500059, Telangana, India.
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Mittal, Surabhi, Agr Econ Res Assoc AERA, New Delhi 110012, India.
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Singha Roy, Namrata, Christ Univ, Dept Econ, Bengaluru 560029, India.
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Kanjilal-Bhaduri, Sanghamitra, Univ Algarve, Dept Econ, P-8005139 Faro, Portugal.'
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article-number: '2671'
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author: Reddy, A. Amarender and Mittal, Surabhi and Singha Roy, Namrata and Kanjilal-Bhaduri,
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Sanghamitra
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author-email: 'amarender.reddy@icar.gov.in
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surabhimittal@gmail.com
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namrata.singharoy@christuniversity.in
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sbhaduri@ualg.pt'
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author_list:
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- family: Reddy
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given: A. Amarender
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- family: Mittal
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given: Surabhi
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- family: Singha Roy
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given: Namrata
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- family: Kanjilal-Bhaduri
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given: Sanghamitra
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da: '2023-09-28'
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doi: 10.3390/su13052671
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eissn: 2071-1050
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files: []
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journal: SUSTAINABILITY
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keywords: 'employment; occupation; paid\&\#8211; unpaid work; time allocation;
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gender; wage structure; agricultural labour markets; India'
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language: English
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month: MAR
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number: '5'
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number-of-cited-references: '50'
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orcid-numbers: 'Reddy, A Amarender/0000-0003-0615-0520
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Mittal, Surabhi/0000-0002-2179-4714
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Roy, Namrata Singha/0000-0002-5639-522X'
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papis_id: cfc61ea1baa6d19731042dabeb8ca027
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ref: Reddy2021timeallocation
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researcherid-numbers: 'Reddy, A Amarender/O-1832-2018
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Mittal, Surabhi/U-7248-2019
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Roy, Namrata Singha/AAQ-5725-2020'
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times-cited: '5'
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title: 'Time Allocation between Paid and Unpaid Work among Men and Women: An Empirical
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Study of Indian Villages'
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2023-10-01 08:15:07 +00:00
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type: article
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2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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unique-id: WOS:000628622000001
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usage-count-last-180-days: '2'
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usage-count-since-2013: '13'
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volume: '13'
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web-of-science-categories: 'Green \& Sustainable Science \& Technology; Environmental
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Sciences;
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Environmental Studies'
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year: '2021'
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