2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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abstract: 'In many OECD countries, women are underrepresented in high status, high
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paying occupations and overrepresented in lower status work. One reason
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for this inequity is the ``motherhood penalty,{''''} where women with
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children face more roadblocks in hiring and promotions than women
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without children or men with children. This research focuses on
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divergent occupational outcomes between men and women with children and
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analyzes whether parental gender gaps in occupational status are more
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extreme for immigrant populations. Using data from the Luxembourg
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Cross-National Data Center, I compare changes in gendered occupational
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segregation from 2000 to 2016 in Germany and the USA among immigrant and
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native-born parents. Multinomial logistic regression models and
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predicted probabilities show that despite instituting policies intended
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to reduce parental gender inequality in the workforce, Germany fares
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worse than the USA in gendered occupational outcomes overall. While the
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gap between mothers'' and fathers'' probabilities of employment in high
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status jobs is shrinking over time in Germany, particularly for
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immigrant mothers, Germany''s gender gaps in professional occupations are
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consistently larger than gaps in the US. Likewise, gender gaps in
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elementary/labor work participation are also larger in Germany, with
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immigrant mothers having a much higher likelihood of working in
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labor/elementary occupations than any other group-including US immigrant
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women. These findings suggest that work-family policies-at least those
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implemented in Germany-are not cure-all solutions for entrenched gender
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inequality. Results also demonstrate the importance of considering the
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interaction between gender and other demographic characteristics-like
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immigrant status-when determining the potential effectiveness of
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proposed work-family policies.'
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affiliation: 'Park, PN (Corresponding Author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Demog, Berkeley,
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CA 94720 USA.
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Park, Paige N., Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Demog, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.'
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author: Park, Paige N.
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author-email: paige\_park@berkeley.edu
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author_list:
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- family: Park
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given: Paige N.
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da: '2023-09-28'
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doi: 10.1007/s11113-022-09744-0
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earlyaccessdate: OCT 2022
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eissn: 1573-7829
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files: []
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issn: 0167-5923
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journal: POPULATION RESEARCH AND POLICY REVIEW
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keywords: Gender; Immigrant; Occupational status; Occupational inequality; Policy
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keywords-plus: 'FAMILY POLICY; WAGE PENALTY; LABOR; LEAVE; MOTHERHOOD; WOMEN; WORK;
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SEGREGATION; INEQUALITY; PATTERNS'
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language: English
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month: DEC
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number: '6'
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number-of-cited-references: '117'
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orcid-numbers: Park, Paige/0000-0001-5930-6758
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pages: 2447-2492
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papis_id: ce4d0c6d59ef3e91c4eab39a834f961f
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ref: Park2022occupationalattainme
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times-cited: '0'
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title: 'Occupational Attainment Among Parents in Germany and the US 2000-2016: The
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Role of Gender and Immigration Status'
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2023-10-01 08:15:07 +00:00
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type: article
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2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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unique-id: WOS:000874419500001
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usage-count-last-180-days: '5'
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usage-count-since-2013: '8'
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volume: '41'
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web-of-science-categories: Demography
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year: '2022'
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