2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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abstract: 'Scholars of comparative family policy research have raised concerns
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about potential negative outcomes of generous family policies, an issue
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known as the ``welfare state paradox.{''''} They suspect that such
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policies will make employers reluctant to hire or promote women into
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high-authority jobs, because women are more likely than men to use those
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policies and take time off. Few studies, however, have directly tested
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this employer-side mechanism. In this article, we argue that due to
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employer heterogeneity, as well as different modes of policy
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intervention such as mandate-based and incentive-based approaches,
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generous family policies may not always lead to employer discrimination.
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Adopting a quasi-experimental research design that classifies employers
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based on their differential receptivity to family policy changes, we
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compare their hiring and promotion of women before and after two major
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family policy reforms in Japan, one in 1992 and another in 2005. Our
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analysis using panel data of large Japanese firms finds little evidence
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of policy-induced discrimination against women. Instead, we find that
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employers who voluntarily provided generous leave benefits prior to
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government mandates or incentives actually hired and promoted more women
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after the legal changes, and employers who provided generous benefits in
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response to government incentives also increased opportunities for
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women.'
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affiliation: 'Mun, E (Corresponding Author), Univ Illinois, 702 S Wright St, Urbana,
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IL 61801 USA.
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Mun, Eunmi, Univ Illinois, Dept Sociol, Urbana, IL USA.
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Mun, Eunmi; Jung, Jiwook, Univ Illinois, Sch Labor \& Employment Relat, Urbana,
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IL USA.'
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author: Mun, Eunmi and Jung, Jiwook
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author-email: eunmimun@illinois.edu
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author_list:
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- family: Mun
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given: Eunmi
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- family: Jung
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given: Jiwook
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da: '2023-09-28'
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doi: 10.1177/0003122418772857
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eissn: 1939-8271
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files: []
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issn: 0003-1224
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journal: AMERICAN SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW
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keywords: 'parental leave policy; welfare state paradox; gender inequality;
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employers; Japan'
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keywords-plus: 'WORK-FAMILY POLICIES; PARENTAL LEAVE; SEX SEGREGATION; INHABITED
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INSTITUTIONS; GENDER EQUALITY; MATERNITY LEAVE; CHILD-CARE;
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DISCRIMINATION; ORGANIZATIONS; MOTHERS'
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language: English
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month: JUN
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number: '3'
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number-of-cited-references: '113'
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orcid-numbers: Jung, Jiwook/0000-0002-9784-1206
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pages: 508-535
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papis_id: ab8a7b54378070f7e05a204067b85826
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ref: Mun2018policygenerosity
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researcherid-numbers: Jung, Jiwook/H-7612-2013
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times-cited: '14'
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title: 'Policy Generosity, Employer Heterogeneity, and Women''s Employment Opportunities:
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The Welfare State Paradox Reexamined'
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2023-10-01 08:15:07 +00:00
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type: article
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2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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unique-id: WOS:000432706800004
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usage-count-last-180-days: '4'
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usage-count-since-2013: '61'
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volume: '83'
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web-of-science-categories: Sociology
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year: '2018'
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