2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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abstract: 'The typical U.S. workplace has adapted little to changes in the family
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and remains bound to norms of a workweek of 40 or more hours. How jobs
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are structured and remunerated within occupations shapes gender
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inequality in the labor market, and this may be particularly true at the
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critical juncture of parenthood. This study provides novel evidence
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showing how the inflexibility of occupational work hours shapes new
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mothers'' employment. We use a fixed-effects approach and individual
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-level data from nationally representative panels of the Survey of
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Income and Program Participation (N=2,239 women) merged with
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occupational characteristics from the American Community Survey. We find
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that women in pre-birth occupations with higher shares working 40 or
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more hours per week and higher wage premiums to longer work hours are
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significantly less likely to be employed post-birth. These associations
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are small in magnitude and not statistically significant for men, and
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placebo regressions with childless women show no associations between
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occupational inflexibility and subsequent employment. Results illustrate
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how individual employment decisions are jointly constrained by the
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structure of the labor market and persistent gendered cultural norms
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about breadwinning and caregiving.'
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affiliation: 'Ishizuka, P (Corresponding Author), Washington Univ, Dept Sociol, St
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Louis, MO 63110 USA.
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Ishizuka, Patrick, Washington Univ, Dept Sociol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
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Musick, Kelly, Cornell Univ, Dept Policy Anal \& Management, Ithaca, NY USA.'
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author: Ishizuka, Patrick and Musick, Kelly
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author-email: ishizuka@wustl.edu
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author_list:
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- family: Ishizuka
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given: Patrick
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- family: Musick
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given: Kelly
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da: '2023-09-28'
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doi: 10.1215/00703370-9373598
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eissn: 1533-7790
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files: []
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issn: 0070-3370
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journal: DEMOGRAPHY
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keywords: Gender; Parenthood; Occupations; Employment
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keywords-plus: 'GENDER-GAP; FAMILY POLICIES; UNITED-STATES; WAGE PENALTY; WORK; TIME;
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LABOR; MOTHERS; FATHERS; OVERWORK'
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language: English
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month: AUG
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number: '4'
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number-of-cited-references: '87'
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orcid-numbers: 'Musick, Kelly/0000-0003-0329-5134
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Ishizuka, Patrick/0000-0002-7780-0976'
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pages: 1249-1274
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papis_id: 02e6006d798bd9fcb1495e140700952e
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ref: Ishizuka2021occupationalinflexib
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times-cited: '7'
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title: Occupational Inflexibility and Women's Employment During the Transition to
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Parenthood
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2023-10-01 08:15:07 +00:00
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type: article
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2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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unique-id: WOS:000681217000004
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usage-count-last-180-days: '4'
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usage-count-since-2013: '37'
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volume: '58'
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web-of-science-categories: Demography
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year: '2021'
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