2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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abstract: 'This article presents evidence supporting the hypothesis that promoting
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gender equality and women''s and girls'' empowerment (GEWE) leads to
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better health and development outcomes. We reviewed the literature
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across six sectors-family planning (FP); maternal, newborn and child
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health (MNCH); nutrition; agriculture; water, sanitation and hygiene;
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and financial services for the poor-and found 76 studies from low and
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middle-income countries that met our inclusion criteria. Across these
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studies, we identified common GEWE variables that emerged repeatedly as
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significant predictors of sector outcomes. We grouped these variables
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into 10 thematic categories, which we termed `gender-related levers''.
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These levers were then classified by the strength of evidence into
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Wedges, Foundations and Facilitators. Wedges are gender-related levers
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that had strong associations with improved outcomes across multiple
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sectors. They include: `control over income/assets/resources'',
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`decision-making power'' and `education''. Elements of these levers
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overlap, but combined, they encapsulate agency. Increasing female agency
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promotes equality and broadly improves health and development for women,
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their families and their communities. The second classification,
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Foundations, displayed strong, positive associations across FP, MNCH and
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nutrition. Foundations have a more proximal relationship with sector
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outcomes and include: `equitable interpersonal relationships'',
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`mobility'' and `personal safety''. Finally, the third group of levers,
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Facilitators, was associated with improved outcomes in two to three
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sectors and include: `access to information'', `community groups'', `paid
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labour'' and `rights''. These levers make it easier for women and girls to
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achieve their goals and are more traditional elements of development
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programmes. Overall, gender-related levers were associated with
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improvements in a variety of health and development outcomes.
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Furthermore, these associations were cross-sectoral, suggesting that to
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fully realize the benefits of promoting GEWE, the development community
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must collaborate in co-ordinated and integrated ways across multiple
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sectors. More research is needed to identify the mechanisms by which
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gendered interventions work and under what circumstances.'
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affiliation: 'Levy, JK (Corresponding Author), WUSTL, Campus Box 1196,1 Brookings
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Dr, St Louis, MO 63140 USA.
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Taukobong, Hannah F. G.; Kincaid, Mary M.; Levy, Jessica K.; Bloom, Shelah S., Iris
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Grp, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA.
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Levy, Jessica K., Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, St Louis,
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MO 63105 USA.
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Bloom, Shelah S., Univ N Carolina, Dept Maternal \& Child Hlth, Gillings Sch Global
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Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
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Platt, Jennifer L., Thrive 4-7, Morrisville, NC 27560 USA.
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Henry, Sarah K.; Darmstadt, Gary L., Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Stanford,
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CA 94305 USA.'
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author: Taukobong, Hannah F. G. and Kincaid, Mary M. and Levy, Jessica K. and Bloom,
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Shelah S. and Platt, Jennifer L. and Henry, Sarah K. and Darmstadt, Gary L.
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author-email: JLevy@irisgroupinternational.com
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author_list:
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- family: Taukobong
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given: Hannah F. G.
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- family: Kincaid
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given: Mary M.
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- family: Levy
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given: Jessica K.
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- family: Bloom
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given: Shelah S.
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- family: Platt
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given: Jennifer L.
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- family: Henry
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given: Sarah K.
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- family: Darmstadt
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given: Gary L.
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da: '2023-09-28'
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doi: 10.1093/heapol/czw074
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eissn: 1460-2237
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files: []
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issn: 0268-1080
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journal: HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING
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keywords: 'Agency; agriculture; development; empowerment; family planning; gender;
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maternal and child health; nutrition; public health; water'
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keywords-plus: 'INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; CHILD HEALTH; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES;
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REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; MATERNAL AUTONOMY; DOMESTIC
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VIOLENCE; CONTRACEPTIVE USE; RURAL BANGLADESH; FIELD EXPERIMENT'
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language: English
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month: DEC
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number: '10'
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number-of-cited-references: '104'
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orcid-numbers: Darmstadt, Gary/0000-0002-7522-5824
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pages: 1492-1514
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papis_id: 9ef554c1c4083c8fe91654409f47c5e8
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ref: Taukobong2016doesaddressing
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researcherid-numbers: 'Darmstadt, Gary/AAU-7488-2020
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'
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tags:
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- relevant
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- review
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times-cited: '63'
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title: Does addressing gender inequalities and empowering women and girls improve
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health and development programme outcomes?
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2023-10-01 08:15:07 +00:00
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type: article
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2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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unique-id: WOS:000390207100016
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usage-count-last-180-days: '2'
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usage-count-since-2013: '55'
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volume: '31'
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web-of-science-categories: Health Care Sciences \& Services; Health Policy \& Services
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year: '2016'
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