2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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abstract: 'Israeli society presents a unique context for studying motherhood''s
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impacts on employment and earnings: High fertility and marriage rates
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coincide with high rates of women''s education and employment. While past
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research finds low motherhood penalties in Israel, ethno-religious group
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differences in these penalties are unexplored. Ours is the first
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longitudinal study to examine simultaneously motherhood''s employment and
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wage penalties among Israeli ethno-religious groups. Using newly
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available panel data, we find that motherhood deters employment among
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Israeli-Palestinians more strongly than among Jews, and particularly
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among less-educated Israeli-Palestinians. Similarly, motherhood wage
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penalties and ethno-religious disparities are greatest among the
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least-educated women. For all groups, highly educated women incur
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smaller motherhood penalties in employment and earnings, and in some
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cases receive motherhood wage premiums. Public-sector employment,
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particularly for Muslims, is associated with higher postnatal
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employment, lower motherhood penalties, and motherhood premiums among
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the highly educated. The stronger enforcement of anti-discrimination and
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work-family policies in the public sector, along with its
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schoolteachers'' collective bargaining agreement that raises maternal
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earnings, may contribute to its more positive outcomes for
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Israeli-Palestinian mothers. Our findings suggest that increasing
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educational attainment and public-sector employment among
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Israeli-Palestinians may reduce ethno-religious inequality in
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motherhood''s impact on employment and earnings.'
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affiliation: 'Budig, MJ (Corresponding Author), Univ Massachusetts Amherst, Off Provost,
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373 Whitmore Adm Bldg,181 Presidents Dr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
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Budig, Michelle J., Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA USA.
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Kraus, Vered; Levanon, Asaf, Univ Haifa, Hefa, Israel.'
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author: Budig, Michelle J. and Kraus, Vered and Levanon, Asaf
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author-email: budig@umass.edu
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author_list:
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- family: Budig
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given: Michelle J.
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- family: Kraus
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given: Vered
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- family: Levanon
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given: Asaf
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da: '2023-09-28'
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doi: 10.1177/08912432231155913
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earlyaccessdate: MAR 2023
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eissn: 1552-3977
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files: []
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issn: 0891-2432
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journal: GENDER \& SOCIETY
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keywords: 'work-family; race; ethnicity; inequality; stratification and mobility;
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education; demography; population; religion'
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keywords-plus: 'WOMENS EMPLOYMENT; WAGE PENALTY; GENDER; WORK; DISCRIMINATION;
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FERTILITY; POLICIES; GERMANY; DETERMINANTS; DISADVANTAGE'
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language: English
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month: APR
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number: '2'
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number-of-cited-references: '81'
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pages: 208-239
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papis_id: 530fd45eb0b960964486eba094e31faf
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ref: Budig2023israeliethnoreligiou
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times-cited: '0'
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title: Israeli Ethno-Religious Differences in Motherhood Penalties on Employment and
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Earnings
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2023-10-01 08:15:07 +00:00
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type: article
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2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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unique-id: WOS:000941852800001
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usage-count-last-180-days: '2'
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usage-count-since-2013: '2'
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volume: '37'
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web-of-science-categories: Sociology; Women's Studies
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year: '2023'
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