wow-inequalities/02-data/intermediate/wos_sample/e18bfbe26feb4fa726d635bde4f5bbf0-dela-cruz-nina-ashl/info.yaml

abstract: 'BackgroundMicro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) account

  for the vast majority of firms in most economies, particularly in

  developing nations, and are key contributors to job creation and global

  economic development. However, the most significant impediment to MSME

  development in low- and middle-income countries is a lack of access to

  both investment and working capital financing. Due to a lack of

  essential track record, appropriate collateral, and credit history,

  MSMEs are frequently denied business loans by traditional lending

  institutions. In addition, SMEs'' inability to access funding is hindered

  by institutional, structural, and non-financial factors. To address

  this, both the public and private sectors employ indirect and direct

  finance interventions to help MSMEs in developing and emerging economies

  enhance and increase their financing needs. Given the importance of

  MSMEs in the economy, a comprehensive overview of and systematic

  synthesizing of the evidence of the effects of financial access

  interventions for MSMEs, capturing a wide variety of outcome variables,

  is useful. ObjectivesThe objective of this evidence and gap map (EGM) is

  to describe the existing evidence on the effects of various

  interventions dedicated to supporting and improving MSMEs'' access to

  credit, as well as the corresponding firm performance and/or welfare

  outcomes. MethodsAn EGM is a systematic evidence product that displays

  the existing evidence relevant to a specific research question. An EGM''s

  end product is a research article or report, but it can also be shared

  via an interactive map drawn as a matrix of included studies and their

  corresponding interventions and outcomes. Interventions in low- and

  middle-income countries that target specific population subgroups are

  included on the map. The EGM considers five types of interventions: (i)

  strategy, legislation and regulatory; (ii) systems and institutions;

  (iii) facilitate access; (iv) lending instruments or financial products;

  and (v) demand-side interventions. The map, on the other hand, covers

  outcome domains for policy environment, financial inclusion, firm

  performance, and welfare. Impact evaluations or systematic reviews of

  relevant interventions for a previously defined target population are

  included in the EGM. Studies using experimental or non-experimental

  designs, as well as systematic reviews, are eligible. The EGM excludes

  before-and-after study designs with no suitable comparison group.

  Furthermore, the map excludes literature reviews, key informant

  interviews, focus group discussions, and descriptive analyses. Search

  strings were used to conduct electronic searches in databases. To ensure

  that the research team had identified a significant portion of relevant

  research works, the search strategy was supplemented with gray

  literature searches and systematic review citation tracking. We have

  compiled studies that are either completed or in progress. For practical

  reasons, studies are limited to papers written in English and are not

  restricted by publication date. Selection CriteriaWe included studies

  that examined interventions to enhance MSMEs'' access to finance in low-

  and middle-income countries targeting MSMEs including households,

  smallholder farmers and single person enterprise as well as financial

  institutions/agencies and their staff.

  The EGM considers five types of interventions that aim to: (i) deliver

  strategy, legislation, and regulatory aspects; (ii) systems and

  institutions that enable financing; (iii) facilitate access to finance;

  (iv) deliver different lending instruments or financial products,

  including traditional forms of microcredit; and (v) demand-side

  interventions such as programs on financial literacy. The map includes

  outcome domains surrounding policy environment, financial inclusion,

  firm performance, and welfare. Eligible studies must be experimental,

  non-experimental, or systematic reviews. In addition, the study designs

  must have a suitable comparison group before and after the

  implementation of interventions. ResultsThe EGM includes 413 studies.

  The majority of the studies (379 studies) analyzed microenterprises,

  such as households and smallholder farmers; 7 studies analyzed community

  groups; while 109 studies analyzed small and medium enterprises. There

  were 147 studies on interventions that targeted multiple firm sizes.

  Lending instruments/financial products are the most common intervention

  across all firm types. When it comes to the types of firms that receive

  the said financial intervention, the data is overwhelmingly in favor of

  microenterprises (278 studies), followed by systems and organizations

  (138 studies) that support better access to such financial products and

  services. Welfare outcomes have the most evidence out of all of the

  outcomes of interest, followed by firm performance and financial

  inclusion. Among all firm types, welfare outcomes are primarily targeted

  at microenterprises. With 59 studies, we can say that small businesses

  have a significantly large number of enterprise performance outcomes. of

  the 413 studies, 243 used non-experimental or quasi-experimental designs

  (mainly propensity score matching and instrumental variable approaches),

  136 used experimental methods, and 34 were systematic reviews. 175

  studies (43\%) provided evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa, 142 studies

  (35\%) from South Asia, 86 studies (21\%) from East Asia and the

  Pacific, 66 studies (16\%) from Latin America and the Caribbean, 28

  studies (7\%), Europe and Central Asia, and 21 studies (5\%) from the

  Middle East and North Africa. Most of the included evidence covers

  low-income (26\%) and lower-middle income countries (66\%), and to a

  lesser extent upper-middle-income countries (26\%). ConclusionThis map

  depicts the existing evidence and gaps on the effects of interventions

  to enhance MSMEs'' access to financial services in low and middle-income

  countries. Interventions directed at microenterprises with welfare

  outcomes have a significant number of research outcomes in the

  literature. SME evaluations have looked at firm performance, with less

  focus to employment and the welfare effects on owners and employees,

  including poverty reduction. Microcredit/loans have been the focus of a

  large number of research papers (238 studies), indicating the field''s

  growing popularity. However, emerging financial interventions such as

  facilitating access to digital financial services are relatively

  under-studied. Several studies also investigate rural or population in

  remote areas with 192 studies, 126 studies on poor and disadvantaged,

  and 114 papers on women. Most of the research is conducted in

  Sub-Saharan Africa (175 studies) and South Asia (142 studies) so further

  research in other regions could be conducted to allow a more holistic

  understanding of the effects of financial inclusion interventions.

  Credit lines, supply chain finance, and trade financing, which are some

  of the ADB''s financial tools have limited evidence. Future studies

  should look into strategy, law, and regulation interventions, as well as

  interventions targeted at SMEs, and examine policy and regulatory

  environment outcomes as well as welfare outcomes. Interventions on the

  demand side and their impact on the policy and regulatory environment,

  as well as facilitating access are relatively understudied.'
affiliation: 'Dela Cruz, NA (Corresponding Author), Campbell Collaborat, B8 L28 Mark
  St, Veraville 3, Las Pinas City 1740, Philippines.

  Dela Cruz, Nina Ashley, Campbell Collaborat, Las Pinas City, Philippines.

  Villanueva, Alyssa Cyrielle B., Campbell Collaborat, Meycauayan City, Philippines.

  Tolin, Lovely Ann, Campbell Collaborat, Quezon City, Philippines.

  Disse, Sabrina, Campbell Collaborat, Cologne, Germany.

  Lensink, Robert, Univ Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.

  White, Howard, Campbell Collaborat, New Delhi, India.

  Dela Cruz, Nina Ashley, Campbell Collaborat, B8 L28 Mark St, Veraville 3, Las Pinas
  City 1740, Philippines.'
article-number: e1341
author: Dela Cruz, Nina Ashley and Villanueva, Alyssa Cyrielle B. and Tolin, Lovely
  Ann and Disse, Sabrina and Lensink, Robert and White, Howard
author-email: naodelacruz@gmail.com
author_list:
- family: Dela Cruz
  given: Nina Ashley
- family: Villanueva
  given: Alyssa Cyrielle B.
- family: Tolin
  given: Lovely Ann
- family: Disse
  given: Sabrina
- family: Lensink
  given: Robert
- family: White
  given: Howard
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1002/cl2.1341
eissn: 1891-1803
files: []
journal: CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
language: English
month: SEP
number: '3'
number-of-cited-references: '19'
papis_id: 4b074776086475db07479afe8a5cd591
ref: Delacruz2023protocoleffects
times-cited: '0'
title: 'PROTOCOL: Effects of interventions to improve access to financial services
  for micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises in low- and middle-income countries:
  An evidence and gap map'
type: article
unique-id: WOS:001022799500001
usage-count-last-180-days: '3'
usage-count-since-2013: '3'
volume: '19'
web-of-science-categories: Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
year: '2023'