2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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abstract: 'Although researchers generally agree that national family policies play
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a role in shaping mothers'' employment, there is considerable debate
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about whether, how, and why policy effects vary across country contexts
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and within countries by mothers'' educational attainment. We hypothesize
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that family policies interact with national levels of earnings
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inequality to differentially affect mothers'' employment outcomes by
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educational attainment. We develop hypotheses about the two most
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commonly studied family policies-early childhood education and care
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(ECEC) and paid parental leave. We test these hypotheses by establishing
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a novel linkage between the EU-Labour Force Survey and the Current
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Population Survey 1999 to 2016 (n = 23 countries, 299 country-years, 1.2
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million mothers of young children), combined with an original collection
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of country-year indicators. Using multilevel models, we find that ECEC
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spending is associated with a greater likelihood of maternal employment,
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but the association is strongest for non-college-educated mothers in
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high-inequality settings. The length of paid parental leave over six
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months is generally associated with a lower likelihood of maternal
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employment, but the association is most pronounced for mothers in
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high-inequality settings. We call for greater attention to the role of
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earnings inequality in shaping mothers'' employment and conditioning
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policy effects.'
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affiliation: 'Hook, JL (Corresponding Author), Univ Southern Calif, Dept Sociol, 851
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Downey Way,Hazel Stanley Hall 314, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
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Hook, Jennifer L., Univ Southern Calif, Sociol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
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Paek, Eunjeong, Univ Southern Calif, Dept Sociol, 851 Downey Way,Hazel Stanley Hall
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314, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.'
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article-number: 0003122420922505
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author: Hook, Jennifer L. and Paek, Eunjeong
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author-email: hook@usc.edu
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author_list:
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- family: Hook
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given: Jennifer L.
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- family: Paek
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given: Eunjeong
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da: '2023-09-28'
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doi: 10.1177/0003122420922505
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earlyaccessdate: JUN 2020
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eissn: 1939-8271
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files: []
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issn: 0003-1224
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journal: AMERICAN SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW
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keywords: 'women''s employment; family policies; income inequality; earnings
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inequality; educational attainment; work-family'
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keywords-plus: 'LOW-SKILLED IMMIGRATION; GENDER-ROLE ATTITUDES; PARENTAL LEAVE; WOMENS
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EMPLOYMENT; CHILD-CARE; MULTILEVEL MODELS; OCCUPATIONAL SEGREGATION;
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ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES; WORKING HOURS; LABOR-MARKET'
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language: English
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month: JUN
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number: '3'
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number-of-cited-references: '145'
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orcid-numbers: 'Hook, Jennifer/0000-0003-1125-9037
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Paek, Eunjeong/0000-0002-9701-4278'
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pages: 381-416
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papis_id: 12ae91c7f50ee4b08a92482bbb3c2b1d
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ref: Hook2020nationalfamily
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researcherid-numbers: 'Hook, Jennifer/CMK-1100-2022
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'
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times-cited: '26'
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title: 'National Family Policies and Mothers'' Employment: How Earnings Inequality
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Shapes Policy Effects across and within Countries'
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2023-10-01 08:15:07 +00:00
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type: article
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2023-09-28 14:46:10 +00:00
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unique-id: WOS:000537156700001
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usage-count-last-180-days: '13'
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usage-count-since-2013: '63'
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volume: '85'
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web-of-science-categories: Sociology
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year: '2020'
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