wow-inequalities/02-data/intermediate/wos_sample/88c62fd4bbe4bcdf6a96f76d62d9632e-salkever-david-s.-a/info.yaml

abstract: 'Background: Persons with severe and persistent mental disorders (SPMD)

  have extremely low earnings levels and account for 29.1 percent of all

  U.S. Social Security Disability Income (SSDI) disabled worker

  beneficiaries under age 50. Social insurance and disability policy

  experts pointed to several factors that may contribute to this

  situation, including disincentives and obstacles in the SSDI program, as

  well as lack of access to evidence-based behavioral-health

  interventions. In response, the Social Security Administration (SSA)

  funded the Mental Health Treatment Study (MHTS) demonstration that

  included 2,238 beneficiaries of SSDI whose primary reason for disability

  is SPMD. The demonstration, implemented in 23 different localities,

  consisted of two evidence-based services (individual placement and

  support supported employment (IPS-SE), systematic medication management

  (SMM)), and provision or coverage of additional behavioral-health

  services (OBH).

  Study Aims: This study focused on estimating MHTS intervention effects

  on earnings in the intervention period (two-years). The main outcome

  variable was self-reported average monthly earnings.

  Methods: Subjects were randomly assigned to intervention or control

  groups. Data were drawn from the baseline survey, seven follow-up

  quarterly surveys, a final follow-up survey, and SSA administrative

  data. In all surveys, respondents were asked about earnings prior to the

  interview. Dependent variables were average past-30-days earnings

  reported in all follow-up surveys, similar averages for the first four

  follow-ups and for the last four follow-ups, fraction of surveys with

  prior earnings above SSA''s substantial gainful activity (SGA) threshold,

  and final-follow-up earnings for the past 90 days. Regression analyses

  compared earnings of intervention vs. control group subjects. Covariates

  included baseline values of: (i) beneficiary demographic and social

  characteristics; (ii) beneficiary physical and mental health indicators;

  (iii) beneficiary recipiency history; (iv) beneficiary pre-recruitment

  and baseline earnings; and (v) local labor-market unemployment rates.

  Results: Results show significant positive MITTS earnings impacts.

  Estimated annual increases of earnings range from \$791 (based on the

  2-year average) to \$1,131 (based on the final quarter of Year 2).

  Effects on the fraction of quarters with earnings exceeding SGA are

  positive and significant but very small in magnitude.

  Discussion: The consistent increase in earnings impacts over the study

  period suggests the possibility of even larger impacts with longer-term

  interventions. The moderate size of the intervention impacts may partly

  be explained by a study population that already had an average of 9

  years on SSDI, and whose labor-supply decisions continued to be affected

  by concerns about possible loss of benefits. Limitations are that (i)

  earnings effects of specific intervention components cannot be estimated

  since all treatment subjects received the same package of services, and

  (ii) study results may not generalize to the majority of the beneficiary

  population due to selection effects in beneficiaries'' participation

  decisions.

  Implications: Replication of the MHTS on a broader scale should show

  similar positive earnings impacts for a substantial number of

  beneficiaries with characteristics similar to the study population.

  Future studies should consider reducing policy barriers to labor supply

  of persons with SPMD. Future studies should consider longer-term

  interventions, or at least measuring impacts for follow-up periods

  greater than two years.'
affiliation: 'Salkever, DS (Corresponding Author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept
  Publ Policy, Rm 418,Public Policy Bldg 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250
  USA.

  Salkever, David S., Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Publ Policy, Baltimore, MD
  21250 USA.

  Gibbons, Brent, Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, MIPAR, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.

  Drake, Robert E., Dartmouth Coll, Geisel Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Hanover, NH USA.

  Frey, William D.; Karakus, Mustafa, WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.

  Hale, Thomas W., US Social Secur Adm, SSA ORDP ORDES OPR, Woodlawn, MD USA.'
author: Salkever, David S. and Gibbons, Brent and Drake, Robert E. and Frey, William
  D. and Hale, Thomas W. and Karakus, Mustafa
author-email: Salkever@umbc.edu
author_list:
- family: Salkever
  given: David S.
- family: Gibbons
  given: Brent
- family: Drake
  given: Robert E.
- family: Frey
  given: William D.
- family: Hale
  given: Thomas W.
- family: Karakus
  given: Mustafa
da: '2023-09-28'
eissn: 1099-176X
files: []
issn: 1091-4358
journal: JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS
keywords-plus: 'LABOR-MARKET OUTCOMES; SUPPORTED EMPLOYMENT; SCHIZOPHRENIA; ILLNESS;

  PEOPLE; PREDICTORS; MULTISITE; TRIAL'
language: English
month: JUN
number: '2'
number-of-cited-references: '32'
orcid-numbers: Gibbons, Brent/0000-0002-9717-8969
pages: 75-90
papis_id: adef609b089d3baeb82493bc9c939344
ref: Salkever2014increasingearnings
researcherid-numbers: 'Drake, Robert/AAS-3310-2020

  '
times-cited: '13'
title: Increasing Earnings of Social Security Disability Income Beneficiaries with
  Serious Mental Disorder
type: Article
unique-id: WOS:000337268500005
usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
usage-count-since-2013: '18'
volume: '17'
web-of-science-categories: Health Policy \& Services; Psychiatry
year: '2014'