Expand gender inequality section Djibouti with business inequalities

_drivers-of-inequality-djibouti.qmd

@@ -83,13 +83,13 @@ leaving a budget of 5% for health and 3% for social expenditures,
 spendings which looks diminutive compared to its over 30% expenditures on public infrastructure [@WorldBank2022c].
 Only 10% of rural poor inhabitants live close (under 1km) to a health facility [@Ibarra2020].
 
+### Gender inequalities in livelihood opportunities
+
 While still facing reduced rates of labor market participation, the country has expended effort on increasing women's opportunity for education:
 Having overall lower literacy rates for women still,
 the overall literacy rates in younger cohorts (10-24 years old) is significantly higher compared to older ones,
 and the gaps have decreased from 24% difference between the genders (40-60 years old) to 10% (15-24 years old) and 2% (10-14 years old) [@Mendiratta2019].
 
-### Gender inequalities in livelihood opportunities
-
 Women's lower secondary completion rate grew from 28.6% in 2009 (compared to 35.2% men) to 56.3% in 2021 (54.0% for men) [@WorldBank2022d].
 However, for 2017, women's upward educational mobility was still significantly worse than men's,
 with non-poor men having an upward mobility of 53%, non-poor women 29%, poor men 19% and poor women only 10% against the national average of 36% [@Mendiratta2019].
@@ -99,6 +99,18 @@ where 22.3% of all firms have female participation in ownership and only 14.2% a
 and both salaried employment and agricultural employment are male-dominated
 (though agricultural work only with a slight and shrinking difference of 4%) [@WorldBank2022d].
 
+The official number of procedures to register a business are the same for men and women,
+as are the time and cost required for business start-up procedures [@WorldBank2020],
+however, there are factors which may further inhibit equal female business participation and ownership:
+while women have the same legal rights in access to credit, contractual and financial instruments as men [@WorldBank2022f],
+women have an overall lower account ownership rate at financial institutions with 8.8% compared to men's 16.6% (2011)
+reflecting itself especially in a lower access to debit cards at institutions [@WorldBank2021a, @WorldBank2022g].
+
+As mentioned above, women have a lower participation rate on the labor market with an especially stark gender difference in the industrial sector ---
+a sector of the economy in which women in Djibouti do not have the same rights to participate in as men, especially in jobs deemed dangerous [@WorldBank2022f] ---
+with service being the sector that makes up the greatest share of female labor participation (71.1% of all female labor compared to 56.0% of all male labor 2019),
+a sector which is also driving the high share of women in vulnerable employment (41.4% of female labor in 2019) [@WorldBank2022g].
+
 Overall it seems, however, that past growth in the country's GDP is likely not favorable for an inclusive growth path,
 with its large-scale infrastructure investments mostly creating demand for skilled workers
 and neglect of social spending not allowing the buffers and social safety nets that prevent further drift into inequality.