134 lines
4.5 KiB
YAML
134 lines
4.5 KiB
YAML
abstract: 'Background The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted
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economically-disadvantaged populations in the United States (US).
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Precarious employment conditions may contribute to these disparities by
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impeding workers in such conditions from adopting COVID-19 mitigation
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measures to reduce infection risk. This study investigated the
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relationship between employment and economic conditions and the adoption
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of COVID-19 protective behaviors among US workers during the initial
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phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Employing a social media
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advertisement campaign, an online, self-administered survey was used to
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collect data from 2,845 working adults in April 2020. Hierarchical
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generalized linear models were performed to assess the differences in
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engagement with recommended protective behaviors based on employment and
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economic conditions, while controlling for knowledge and perceived
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threat of COVID-19, as would be predicted by the Health Belief Model
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(HBM). Results Essential workers had more precarious employment and
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economic conditions than non-essential workers: 67\% had variable
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income; 30\% did not have paid sick leave; 42\% had lost income due to
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COVID-19, and 15\% were food insecure. The adoption of protective
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behaviors was high in the sample: 77\% of participants avoided leaving
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home, and 93\% increased hand hygiene. Consistent with the HBM, COVID-19
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knowledge scores and perceived threat were positively associated with
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engaging in all protective behaviors. However, after controlling for
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these, essential workers were 60\% and 70\% less likely than
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non-essential workers, who by the nature of their jobs cannot stay at
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home, to stay at home and increase hand hygiene, respectively.
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Similarly, participants who could not afford to quarantine were 50\%
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less likely to avoid leaving home (AOR: 0.5; 95\% CI: 0.4, 0.6) than
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those who could, whereas there were no significant differences
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concerning hand hygiene. Conclusions Our findings are consistent with
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the accumulating evidence that the employment conditions of essential
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workers and other low-income earners are precarious, that they have
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experienced disproportionately higher rates of income loss during the
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initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and face significant barriers to
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adopting protective measures. Our findings underscore the importance and
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need of policy responses focusing on expanding social protection and
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benefits to prevent the further deepening of existing health disparities
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in the US.'
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affiliation: 'Tozan, Y (Corresponding Author), NYU, Sch Global Publ Hlth, Global \&
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Environm Hlth Program, 708 Broadway, New York, NY 10003 USA.
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Capasso, Ariadna; Ali, Shahmir H.; DiClemente, Ralph J., NYU, Sch Global Publ Hlth,
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Dept Social \& Behav Sci, New York, NY 10003 USA.
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Kim, Sooyoung, NYU, Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy \& Management, New York,
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NY 10003 USA.
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Jones, Abbey M., NYU, Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY 10003 USA.
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Tozan, Yesim, NYU, Sch Global Publ Hlth, Global \& Environm Hlth Program, 708 Broadway,
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New York, NY 10003 USA.'
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article-number: '870'
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author: Capasso, Ariadna and Kim, Sooyoung and Ali, Shahmir H. and Jones, Abbey M.
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and DiClemente, Ralph J. and Tozan, Yesim
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author-email: tozan@nyu.edu
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author_list:
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- family: Capasso
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given: Ariadna
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- family: Kim
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given: Sooyoung
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- family: Ali
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given: Shahmir H.
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- family: Jones
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given: Abbey M.
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- family: DiClemente
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given: Ralph J.
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- family: Tozan
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given: Yesim
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da: '2023-09-28'
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doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13259-w
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eissn: 1471-2458
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files: []
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journal: BMC PUBLIC HEALTH
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keywords: 'COVID-19; Essential workers; Risk of infection; Health Belief Model;
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Employment conditions; Economic precarity; Precarious employment; Health
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disparities; Social determinants of health'
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keywords-plus: BELIEF MODEL; SAMPLE; ACCESS; CARE
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language: English
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month: MAY 2
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number: '1'
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number-of-cited-references: '54'
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orcid-numbers: Ali, Shahmir/0000-0002-0360-3507
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papis_id: 4796cfaa5a57dcd5a7810a9ca74bf5c3
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ref: Capasso2022employmentconditions
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researcherid-numbers: Ali, Shahmir/G-4495-2018
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times-cited: '3'
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title: 'Employment conditions as barriers to the adoption of COVID-19 mitigation measures:
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how the COVID-19 pandemic may be deepening health disparities among low-income earners
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and essential workers in the United States'
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type: article
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unique-id: WOS:000789819200007
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usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
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usage-count-since-2013: '4'
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volume: '22'
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web-of-science-categories: Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health
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year: '2022'
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