169 lines
5.6 KiB
YAML
169 lines
5.6 KiB
YAML
abstract: 'Purpose The aim of the research is to estimate the level of the early
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career gender wage gap in Russia, its evolution during the early stages
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of a career, gender segregation and discrimination among university
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graduates, and to identify factors which explain early career gender
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differences in pay. Special emphasis is placed on assessing the
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contribution of horizontal segregation (inequal gender distribution in
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fields of studies and industries of employment) to early-career gender
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inequality. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on a
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comprehensive and nationally representative survey of university
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graduates, carried out by Russian Federal State Statistics Service in
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2016 (VTR Rosstat). The authors use Mincer OLS regressions for the
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analysis of the determinants of gender differences in pay. To explain
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the factors which form the gender gap, the authors use the
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Oaxaca-Blinder and Neumark gender gap decompositions, including detailed
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wage gap decompositions and decompositions by fields of study. For the
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analysis of differences in gender gap across wage distribution, quantile
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regressions and quantile decompositions based on recentered influence
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functions (RIFs) are used. Findings The study found significant gender
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differences in the early-career salaries of university graduates.
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Regression analysis confirms the presence of a 20\% early-career gender
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wage gap. This gender wage gap is to a great extent can be explained by
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horizontal segregation: women are concentrated in fields of study and
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industries which are relatively low paid. More than half of the gender
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gap remains unexplained. The analysis of the evolution of the gender
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wage gap shows that it appears right after graduation and increases over
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time. A quantile decomposition reveals that, in low paid jobs, females
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experience less gender inequality than in better paid jobs. Social
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implications The analysis has some important policy implications.
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Previously, gender equality policies were mainly related to the
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elimination of gender discrimination at work, including positive
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discrimination programs in a selection of candidates to job openings and
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programs of promotion; programs which ease women labour force
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participation through flexible jobs; programs of human capital
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accumulation, which implied gender equality in access to higher
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education and encouraged women to get higher education, which was
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especially relevant for many developing countries. The analysis of
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Russia, a country with gender equality in access to higher education,
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shows that the early career gender gap exists right after graduation,
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and the main explanatory factor is gender segregation by field of study
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and industry, in other words, the gender wage gap to a high extent is
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related to self-selection of women in low-paid fields of study. To
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address this, new policies related to gender inequality in choice of
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fields of studies are needed. Originality/value It has been frequently
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stated that gender inequality appears either due to inequality in access
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to higher education or after maternity leave. Using large nationally
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representative dataset on university graduates, we show that gender
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equality in education does not necessarily lead to gender equality in
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the labour market. Unlike many studies, we show that the gender gap in
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Russia appears not after maternity leave and due to marital decisions of
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women, but in the earliest stages of their career, right after
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graduation, due to horizontal segregation (selection of women in
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relatively low-paid fields of study and consequently industries).'
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affiliation: 'Rudakov, V (Corresponding Author), Natl Res Univ Higher Sch Econ, Ctr
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Inst Studies, Moscow, Russia.
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Rudakov, Victor; Kiryushina, Margarita, Natl Res Univ Higher Sch Econ, Ctr Inst
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Studies, Moscow, Russia.
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Figueiredo, Hugo, Univ Aveiro, Dept Econ Management \& Ind Engn, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Teixeira, Pedro Nuno, Univ Porto, Dept Econ, Porto, Portugal.
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Teixeira, Pedro Nuno, CIPES, Matosinhos, Portugal.'
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author: Rudakov, Victor and Kiryushina, Margarita and Figueiredo, Hugo and Teixeira,
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Pedro Nuno
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author-email: victor.n.rudakov@gmail.com
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author_list:
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- family: Rudakov
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given: Victor
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- family: Kiryushina
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given: Margarita
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- family: Figueiredo
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given: Hugo
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- family: Teixeira
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given: Pedro Nuno
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da: '2023-09-28'
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doi: 10.1108/IJM-03-2021-0206
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earlyaccessdate: MAY 2022
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eissn: 1758-6577
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files: []
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issn: 0143-7720
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journal: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANPOWER
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keywords: 'Gender wage gap; School-to-work transition; Labour market of university
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graduates; Gender discrimination; Gender segregation; Returns to
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education; I24; J16; J31; J71'
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keywords-plus: 'LABOR-MARKET ENTRY; EARNINGS GAP; STATISTICAL DISCRIMINATION; SAMPLE
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SELECTION; JOB PREFERENCES; COLLEGE MAJOR; PAY GAPS; SEGREGATION;
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DECOMPOSITION; OCCUPATIONS'
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language: English
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month: 2022 MAY 30
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number-of-cited-references: '87'
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orcid-numbers: 'Teixeira, Pedro Nuno/0000-0002-7128-8238
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Figueiredo, Hugo/0000-0002-4336-2533
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Kiryushina, Margarita/0000-0002-4576-5926
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Rudakov, Victor/0000-0002-9197-2491'
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papis_id: d498b2a7c67d3da564a677f4ec09b468
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ref: Rudakov2022earlycareer
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researcherid-numbers: 'Teixeira, Pedro Nuno/F-5250-2013
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Figueiredo, Hugo/G-2502-2011
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Rudakov, Victor/F-9014-2016'
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times-cited: '1'
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title: Early career gender wage gaps among university graduates in Russia
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type: article
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unique-id: WOS:000800293400001
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usage-count-last-180-days: '10'
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usage-count-since-2013: '18'
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web-of-science-categories: Industrial Relations \& Labor; Management
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year: '2022'
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