171 lines
6 KiB
YAML
171 lines
6 KiB
YAML
abstract: 'Most adults spend a significant number of their waking hours at work.
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The work relatedness of employees'' sleep is not always obvious to
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employers, as sleep is usually a private behavior. Yet there is much
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about how work is organized that influences the opportunity to sleep,
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the quality of sleep that is achieved, and the risk for sleep disorders.
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Circadian rhythm disruptions influence sleep when work schedules include
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very early start times, night shift work, or shift rotation. Reduced
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sleep opportunity from long working hours, shift overruns and overtime,
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long commutes, and being called in during time off may cause sleep
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deprivation. The physical surroundings of the job (light, noise) can
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increase or inhibit alertness, and over time can alter circadian
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rhythms. When work is physically or psychologically stressful, it can
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inhibit sleep by increasing sympathetic nervous system activity that is
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incompatible with restful sleep. Certain occupational groups (health
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care, transportation, public safety, food service, mining, construction,
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executive travel) are at particular risk for impaired sleep because of
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work stress and the scheduling of work hours. Because nurses care for
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workers throughout the life span in all health care settings, the
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nursing curriculum must teach the basics of sleep to entry-level nurses,
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nurse practitioners, and occupational health nurses (OHNs). (See Chapter
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24, Future Directions in Sleep Promotion: Nursing Practice, Research,
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and Education.) This chapter discusses the work-related impediments to
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sleep and interventions to improve sleep, with implications for health
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promotion and occupational health programs in the workplace.
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The consequences of acute and chronic sleep deprivation for workers are
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well documented. Workplace injuries and accidents are more frequent,
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causing pain and suffering, as well as lost productivity for the worker
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who is sleep deprived. Frequent or high cost claims can lead to higher
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costs to the employer for health benefits. Chronic sleep deprivation
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increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension,
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stroke, and heart disease, as well as metabolic disorders such as
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obesity and diabetes. These work-related health hazards can be addressed
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with active health promotion and occupational health programs and
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practices that minimize serious adverse outcomes.
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Sleep promotion is ideally a shared responsibility of workers, their
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employers, and health care providers. Workers themselves must consider
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the priority they place on sleep when competing demands threaten to
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derail a healthy lifestyle and performance at work. They must also be
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aware when their sleep is abnormal, seek treatment, and adhere to
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treatment recommendations if a sleep disorder is detected. Employers who
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are trying to create a healthy work environment must have a systematic
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plan at all levels of the organization to recognize sleep-related
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aspects of the physical work environment, the intensity of workplace
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stressors, and how work is organized to advantage workers'' sleep. They
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must provide health insurance coverage to ensure that workers receive
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specialty treatment for their sleep disorder-related symptoms and
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provide accommodations if chronic sleep disorders continue to impair
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functioning.
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The employee health unit is the best place to coordinate the health
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promotion activities at work as well as screening, clinical care,
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referrals, and accommodation. The personnel in the employee health
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and/or safety departments should conduct exposure assessments of
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scheduling practices and monitor trends in injuries to inform healthy
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scheduling practices. When the exposure assessment identifies possible
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risk factors for sleep deprivation or sleep disorders, the occupational
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health nurse clinicians must incorporate thorough sleep and occupational
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exposure histories, provide health education regarding sleep and work,
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and tailor interventions to improve sleep quantity and quality. The
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health care providers in the employee health department can also
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recognize sentinel occupational health events, such as sleep complaints,
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drowsiness at work, and accidents and injuries which might indicate
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additional workers at risk for occupational sleep disorders (Figure
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22.1). In the ideal situation, all are motivated to create a healthy
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workplace where workers can be safe and productive and then go home,
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sleep restfully and long enough, and enjoy a high quality of life.
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Combined, these concerns clearly have implications for workplace policy
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development to ensure worker safety and productivity.'
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affiliation: 'Geiger-Brown, J (Corresponding Author), Univ Maryland, Sch Nursing,
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Work \& Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Family \& Community Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
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Geiger-Brown, Jeanne, Univ Maryland, Sch Nursing, Work \& Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Family
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\& Community Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.'
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author: Geiger-Brown, Jeanne and McPhaul, Kathleen M.
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author_list:
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- family: Geiger-Brown
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given: Jeanne
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- family: McPhaul
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given: Kathleen M.
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booktitle: SLEEP DISORDERS AND SLEEP PROMOTION IN NURSING PRACTICE
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da: '2023-09-28'
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editor: Redeker, NS and McEnany, GP
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files: []
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isbn: 978-0-8261-0658-2
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keywords-plus: 'BRIGHT-LIGHT EXPOSURE; NIGHT-SHIFT WORK; CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS; IMPROVE
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SLEEP; ALERTNESS; PERMANENT; FATIGUE; ADAPTATION; MELATONIN; DISORDER'
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language: English
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number-of-cited-references: '64'
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orcid-numbers: 'McPhaul, Kathleen/0000-0002-7008-142X
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Redeker, Nancy S/0000-0001-7817-2708'
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pages: 355-369
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papis_id: 6b084e246a7d4f5a43116a36e8d5edd4
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ref: Geigerbrown2011sleeppromotion
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researcherid-numbers: 'McPhaul, Kathleen/AAC-3205-2021
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Redeker, Nancy S/Q-8252-2016'
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times-cited: '2'
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title: Sleep Promotion in Occupational Health Settings
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type: article
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unique-id: WOS:000291326200023
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usage-count-last-180-days: '1'
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usage-count-since-2013: '22'
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web-of-science-categories: Primary Health Care; Clinical Neurology; Nursing
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year: '2011'
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