133 lines
4.6 KiB
YAML
133 lines
4.6 KiB
YAML
abstract: 'The regional labor market in Southeast Asia is second only to China and
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India. Its development is subjected to the movement of labor force
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within the region. The flow of intraregional migrants has begun to grow
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since the 1990s, reflecting imbalances in the distribution of labor
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among the countries of the region and the existence of significant
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differences between them in household income, wages and competitiveness,
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working conditions and employment opportunities. The number of labor
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emigrants in 2015 was 10.2 million people, of which 6.8 million found
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work in the region itself. The positive results of labor migration are
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indisputable for both importing countries and exporters of labor. The
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first, which include Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore, by attracting
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foreign workers cover the shortage of labor force in their labor market,
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especially in labor-intensive industries. The bulk of migrants from
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neighboring countries are semi-skilled and unskilled labor. Its main
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suppliers are Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar, Indonesia and, to a lesser
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extent, Vietnam. In these countries, due to higher rates of population
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growth and its rejuvenation, excess labor has emerged, which does not
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have the opportunity to find employment in still underdeveloped
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economies. Intraregional migration facilitates the solution of the
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problem of poverty and employment in these countries, raising the level
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of skills of the workforce, and the flow of funds into the economy
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through the remittances of migrant workers. However, intraregional
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migration brings not only economic benefits to the countries of the
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region, but also creates certain difficulties for them, since it is
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often accompanied by exploitation, violence of migrants, especially
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illegal ones. Although labor migration in labor-importing countries is
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regulated by laws that restrict the entry of migrants from neighboring
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countries and the duration of their stay in the country, these measures
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are not sufficient to stop the flow of illegal migrants. Costly and
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time-consuming bureaucratic procedure for obtaining a visa, the high
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cost of services of labor agencies, brevity and rigidity of labor
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contracts - all these factors encourage migrants to seek informal
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channels to move to another country. To combat illegal migration,
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various means of policy are used: the deportation of illegal migrants,
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their criminal prosecution (applies also to the entrepreneur who hires
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an illegal worker), periodically conducted campaigns for their
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registration and amnesty. However, these measures are ineffective in
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terms of reducing the influx of illegal migrants, and most importantly,
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are detrimental to the economy. The migration policies carried out in
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Malaysia and Thailand do not satisfy the needs of their economic
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development. In Singapore, the solution to these problems is ensured by
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the presence of an effective migration management system. Given the
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prospects for the development of integration processes in Southeast
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Asia, the problem of improving the management of intraregional migration
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is of particular importance. The ways to solve it are seen not so much
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in the tightening of migration policies in host countries, but in the
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removal of those barriers that impede the free movement of labor force
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within the region through legal channels. The task of the countries is
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to make amendments to their migration systems, including the elimination
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of any forms and types of exploitation of migrants.'
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affiliation: 'Rogozhina, NG (Corresponding Author), Russian Acad Sci IMEMO, Primakov
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Natl Res Inst World Econ \& Int Relat, 23 Profsoyuznaya Str, Moscow 117997, Russia.
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Rogozhina, Nataliya G., Russian Acad Sci IMEMO, Primakov Natl Res Inst World Econ
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\& Int Relat, 23 Profsoyuznaya Str, Moscow 117997, Russia.'
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author: Rogozhina, Nataliya G.
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author-email: ngrogozhina@mail.ru
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author_list:
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- family: Rogozhina
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given: Nataliya G.
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da: '2023-09-28'
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doi: 10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-3-111-119
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files: []
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issn: 0131-2227
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journal: MIROVAYA EKONOMIKA I MEZHDUNARODNYE OTNOSHENIYA
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keywords: 'South East Asia; labor emigrants; migration policy; illegal working
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force; human trafficking'
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language: Russian
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month: MAR
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number: '3'
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number-of-cited-references: '19'
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pages: 111-119
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papis_id: 7a06142c0094bd71c5be879758e1eec3
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ref: Rogozhina2020intraregionalmigrati
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times-cited: '0'
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title: INTRA-REGIONAL MIGRATION OF LABOR RESOURCES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
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type: article
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unique-id: WOS:000520040600013
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usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
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usage-count-since-2013: '9'
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volume: '64'
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web-of-science-categories: International Relations
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year: '2020'
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