153 lines
5.2 KiB
YAML
153 lines
5.2 KiB
YAML
abstract: 'Background Transgender women ({''''}trans women{''''}), particularly
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African-American and Latina trans women, have disproportionately high
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prevalence of HIV in the United States (U.S.). In order to decrease
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gender dysphoria and overcome discrimination, trans women affirm their
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gender through social and medical transition, often in contexts of
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economic hardship and sexual risk. This study qualitatively examined how
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gender-affirming behaviors enhance or diminish vulnerability to HIV in
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light of structural and economic barriers to gender transition. Methods
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We conducted individual interviews with 19 adult trans women in two U.S.
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cities (Richmond, VA and St. Louis, MO) who reported one or more sexual
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risk behaviors and recent economic hardship related to
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employment/income, housing, or food security. Interviews were recorded,
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transcribed, and analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results The
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majority (74\%) of trans women were racial/ethnic minorities with mean
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age of 26.3 years. Gender-affirming behaviors varied with 58\% of trans
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women having legally changed their name and gender marker; 79\% having
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initiated hormone therapy; and 11\% having not initiated any medical or
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legal changes. None had undertaken surgical changes. Findings suggested
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that the process of gender transitioning resulted in both increasing and
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decreasing HIV risk. The high need for gender affirmation by male sex
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partners contributed to trans women''s exposure to sexual
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objectification, sexual risk behaviors, and conflicting interests in HIV
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prevention messaging. Loss of housing and employment due to transition
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along with the high costs of transition products and medical visits
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increased reliance on sex work and created new obstacles in accessing
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HIV services. Trans women experienced lower HIV risk as they acquired
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legal and medical transition services, reshaped interactions with sex
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partners, and received gender-affirming support by others, including
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health providers, employers, peers, and housing professionals. Sexual
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abstinence was viewed as a negative consequence of incomplete
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transition, although characterized as a period of low HIV risk.
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Conclusions Structural and policy initiatives that promote safe gender
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transition and economic stability in trans women may play a critical
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role in reducing HIV in this population. Addressing the harmful
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pressures for U.S. trans women to conform to perceived feminine
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stereotypes may also serve an important role.'
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affiliation: 'Mayo-Wilson, LJ (Corresponding Author), Indiana Univ, Ctr Sexual Hlth
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Promot, Dept Appl Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, 1025 E 7th St, Bloomington, IN 47405
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USA.
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Mayo-Wilson, LJ (Corresponding Author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept
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Int Hlth, Social \& Behav Intervent Program, 615 N Wolfe St,Room E5038, Baltimore,
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MD 21205 USA.
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Mayo-Wilson, Larissa Jennings; Wagner, Sarah; Timbo, Fatmata, Indiana Univ, Ctr
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Sexual Hlth Promot, Dept Appl Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, 1025 E 7th St, Bloomington,
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IN 47405 USA.
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Mayo-Wilson, Larissa Jennings, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth,
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Social \& Behav Intervent Program, 615 N Wolfe St,Room E5038, Baltimore, MD 21205
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USA.
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Benotsch, Eric G.; Sawyer, Ashlee N.; Smout, Shelby A., Virginia Commonwealth Univ,
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Dept Psychol, 806 West Franklin St, Richmond, VA 23284 USA.
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Grigsby, Sheila; Cathers, Lauretta, Univ Missouri, Coll Nursing, 221 NAB South Campus,Univ
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Blvd, St Louis, MO 63121 USA.
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Poteat, Tonia, Univ N Carolina, Dept Social Med, CB 7240, Chapel Hill, NC 27516
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USA.
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Zimmerman, Rick S., Louisiana State Univ Hlth New Orleans, Sch Nursing, 1900 Gravier
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St,Room 5B14, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA.'
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article-number: '782'
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author: Mayo-Wilson, Larissa Jennings and Benotsch, Eric G. and Grigsby, Sheila and
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Wagner, Sarah and Timbo, Fatmata and Poteat, Tonia and Cathers, Lauretta and Sawyer,
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Ashlee N. and Smout, Shelby A. and Zimmerman, Rick S.
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author-email: ljmayowi@iu.edu
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author_list:
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- family: Mayo-Wilson
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given: Larissa Jennings
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- family: Benotsch
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given: Eric G.
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- family: Grigsby
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given: Sheila
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- family: Wagner
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given: Sarah
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- family: Timbo
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given: Fatmata
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- family: Poteat
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given: Tonia
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- family: Cathers
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given: Lauretta
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- family: Sawyer
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given: Ashlee N.
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- family: Smout
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given: Shelby A.
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- family: Zimmerman
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given: Rick S.
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da: '2023-09-28'
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doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-08902-3
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eissn: 1471-2458
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files: []
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journal: BMC PUBLIC HEALTH
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keywords: 'Transgender women; Housing; Employment; Economic; Qualitative; U; s;
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HIV; Minority'
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keywords-plus: RISK BEHAVIORS; SEX WORK; MEN; FRAMEWORK; HIV/STI; HEALTH; DRUGS
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language: English
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month: MAY 26
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number: '1'
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number-of-cited-references: '41'
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papis_id: 36fb7e58a393d4015d74b10963106225
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ref: Mayowilson2020combinedeffects
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researcherid-numbers: 'Smout, Shelby/AHD-7847-2022
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Sawyer, Ashlee/AAI-3584-2021'
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times-cited: '18'
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title: 'Combined effects of gender affirmation and economic hardship on vulnerability
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to HIV: a qualitative analysis among US adult transgender women'
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type: article
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unique-id: WOS:000537860400006
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usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
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usage-count-since-2013: '8'
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volume: '20'
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web-of-science-categories: Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health
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year: '2020'
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