feat(data): Extract Carstens2018

02-data/intermediate/SAMPLE.bib

@@ -2239,7 +2239,7 @@ does NOT look at inequalities affected}
   usage-count-last-180-days = {0},
   usage-count-since-2013 = {7},
   web-of-science-categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services; Health Policy \& Services; Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health},
-  keywords = {inequality::disability,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::structural},
+  keywords = {done::extracted,inequality::disability,relevant,type::institutional,type::structural},
   note = {looks at inequality; LM markers; policy intervention (in Medicaid programme independent variable)},
   file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/QVXP8EZY/Carstens_Massatti_2018_Predictors of labor force status in a random sample of consumers with serious.pdf}
 }
@@ -2743,7 +2743,7 @@ does NOT look at inequalities affected}
   usage-count-last-180-days = {0},
   usage-count-since-2013 = {2},
   web-of-science-categories = {Economics},
-  keywords = {country::Australia,inequality::income,inequality::migration,region::AP,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::institutional},
+  keywords = {cite::channels,country::Australia,inequality::income,inequality::migration,region::AP,type::institutional},
   file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/E8DH8NRR/Clibborn_Wright_2022_The efficiencies and inequities of australia's temporary labour migration regime.pdf}
 }
 

02-data/processed/relevant/Carstens2018.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+author: Carstens, C., & Massatti, R. 
+year: 2018
+title: Predictors of labor force status in a random sample of consumers with serious mental illness
+publisher: Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research
+uri: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11414-018-9597-8
+pubtype: article
+discipline: health services
+
+country: United States
+period: 2014-2015
+maxlength: 1
+targeting: explicit
+group: mentally ill
+data: survey data
+
+design: observational
+method: multinomial logistic regression model
+sample: 917
+unit: individual
+representativeness: national
+causal: 0 # 0 correlation / 1 causal
+
+theory: human capital theory; strength-based therapy
+limitations: small sample due to low response rate; over-representation of women, older persons, racial minorities
+observation:
+  - intervention: subsidy (health care)
+    institutional: 1
+    structural: 1
+    agency: 0
+    inequality: disability
+    type: 1 # 0 vertical / 1 horizontal
+    indicator: 1 # 0 absolute / 1 relative
+    measures: employment probability
+    findings: LFP significantly increased for employment incentives; significantly reduced for employment barriers and Medicaid ABD programme participation; marginally reduced for 
+    channels: Medicaid ABD generates benefits trap of disability determination
+    direction: -1 # -1 neg / 0 none / 1 pos
+    significance: 2 # 0 nsg / 1 msg / 2 sg
+
+notes: employment motivators captured as increased responsibility and problem-solving, stress management, reduced depression and anxiety; employment barriers
+annotation: |
+  An analysis of the potential factors influencing mentally ill individuals in the United States to participate in the labour force, using correlation between different programmes of Medicaid and labour force status.
+  In trying to find labour force participation predictors it finds employment motivating factors in reduced depression and anxiety, increased responsibility and problem-solving and stress management being positive predictors.
+  In turn barriers of increased stress, discrimination based on their mental, loss of free time, loss of government benefits and tests for illegal drugs were listed as barriers negatively associated with labour force participation.
+  For the government benefits, it finds significant variations for the different varieties of Medicaid programmes, with the strongest netagive labour force participation correlated to Medicaid ABD, a programme for which it has to be demonstrated that an individual cannot work due to their disability.
+  The authors suggest this shows the primary channel of the programme becoming a benefit trap, with disability being determined by not working and benefits disappearing when participants enter the labour force, creating dependency to the programme as a primary barrier.
+  Two limitations of the study are its small sample size due to a low response rate, and an over-representation of racial minorities, women and older persons in the sample mentioned as introducing possible downward bias for measured labour force participation rates.

02-data/supplementary/lib.bib

@@ -2288,7 +2288,7 @@ does NOT look at inequalities affected}
   usage-count-last-180-days = {0},
   usage-count-since-2013 = {7},
   web-of-science-categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services; Health Policy \& Services; Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health},
-  keywords = {inequality::disability,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::structural},
+  keywords = {done::extracted,inequality::disability,relevant,type::institutional,type::structural},
   note = {looks at inequality; LM markers; policy intervention (in Medicaid programme independent variable)},
   file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/QVXP8EZY/Carstens_Massatti_2018_Predictors of labor force status in a random sample of consumers with serious.pdf}
 }
@@ -2809,7 +2809,7 @@ does NOT look at inequalities affected}
   usage-count-last-180-days = {0},
   usage-count-since-2013 = {2},
   web-of-science-categories = {Economics},
-  keywords = {country::Australia,inequality::income,inequality::migration,region::AP,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::institutional},
+  keywords = {cite::channels,country::Australia,inequality::income,inequality::migration,region::AP,type::institutional},
   file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/E8DH8NRR/Clibborn_Wright_2022_The efficiencies and inequities of australia's temporary labour migration regime.pdf}
 }
 

scoping_review.qmd

@@ -755,6 +755,19 @@ and that much of the increases in welfare are based on movement of rural workers
 The study creates causal inferences but is limited in its modelling approach representing a limited subset of empirical possibility spaces,
 as well as having to make the assumption of no population growth for measures to hold.
 
+## Disability
+
+@Carstens2018 conduct an analysis of the potential factors influencing mentally ill individuals in the United States to participate in the labour force, using correlation between different programmes of Medicaid and labour force status.
+In trying to find labour force participation predictors it finds employment motivating factors in reduced depression and anxiety, increased responsibility and problem-solving and stress management being positive predictors.
+In turn barriers of increased stress, discrimination based on their mental, loss of free time, loss of government benefits and tests for illegal drugs were listed as barriers negatively associated with labour force participation.
+For the government benefits, it finds significant variations for the different varieties of Medicaid programmes, with the strongest netagive labour force participation correlated to Medicaid ABD, a programme for which it has to be demonstrated that an individual cannot work due to their disability.
+The authors suggest this shows the primary channel of the programme becoming a benefit trap, with disability being determined by not working and benefits disappearing when participants enter the labour force, creating dependency to the programme as a primary barrier.
+Two limitations of the study are its small sample size due to a low response rate, and an over-representation of racial minorities, women and older persons in the sample mentioned as introducing possible downward bias for measured labour force participation rates.
+
+They thereby not only reinforce their recommendation for strength-based approaches, emphasizing the benefits of work, but also highlight the targeting importance of subsidy programmes in general on the one hand,
+in the worst case reducing equity through bad targeting mechanisms,
+and their negative reinforcement effects widening existing inequalities of gender, age and racial discrimination through such targeting on the other.
+
 # Conclusion
 
 The section with conclude with reflections on the implications of findings for policy.