feat(data): Extract Al-Mamun2014

02-data/intermediate/SAMPLE.bib

@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@
   urldate = {2023-11-20},
   abstract = {The main goal of this study was to assess the impact of participation in Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia's (AIM) microcredit program on the empowerment among urban low-income women in Peninsular Malaysia. To attain the above mentioned objective, this study utilized a cross-sectional design using stratified random sampling method to examine whether or not participation in AIM's microcredit program improved urban low-income clients' role in household decision making, helped the clients achieve economic security, gain more control over resources and family decisions, improve their ability to go outside to work and improve their level of legal awareness. Findings of this study revealed that participation in AIM's microcredit program generated a positive and significant impact on women's empowerment in Urban Peninsular Malaysia. The results suggest that AIM should, therefore, focus on increasing the outreach by targeting urban low-income women. The policy makers should focus on establishing a supportive regulatory environment to promote sustainable development of all microcredit organizations in urban Malaysia.},
   langid = {english},
-  keywords = {country::Malaysia,inequality::gender,inequality::spatial,region::AP,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::microcredit},
+  keywords = {country::Malaysia,done::extracted,inequality::gender,inequality::spatial,region::AP,relevant,type::microcredit},
   file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/4DSIWGNU/Al-Mamun et al_2014_Empirical Investigation on the Impact of Microcredit on Women Empowerment in.pdf}
 }
 

02-data/processed/relevant/Al-Mamun2014.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+author: Al-Mamun, A., Wahab, S. A., Mazumder, M. N. H., & Su, Z.
+year: 2014
+title: Empirical Investigation on the Impact of Microcredit on Women Empowerment in Urban Peninsular Malaysia
+publisher: Journal of Developing Areas
+uri: https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2014.0030
+pubtype: article
+discipline: development
+
+country: Malaysia
+period: 2011
+maxlength: 2
+targeting: implicit
+group: women
+data: structured face-to-face interviews
+
+design: quasi-experimental
+method: cross-sectional stratified random sampling
+sample: 242
+unit: individual
+representativeness: subnational, urban
+causal: 1 # 0 correlation / 1 causal
+
+theory: household economic portfolio model (Chen & Dunn, 1996)
+limitations: can not establish full experimental design
+observation:
+  - intervention: microcredit; training
+    institutional: 0
+    structural: 0
+    agency: 1
+    inequality: gender; income
+    type: 0 # 0 vertical / 1 horizontal
+    indicator: 1 # 0 absolute / 1 relative
+    measures: savings; decision-making
+    findings: increase in household decision-making; increase in economic security; constrained by inability for individuals to obtain loans
+    channels: individual access to finance; collective agency increase through meetings and training
+    direction: 1 # -1 neg / 0 none / 1 pos
+    significance: 1 # 0 nsg / 1 msg / 2 sg
+
+notes:
+annotation: |
+  A study on the impacts of an urban micro-finance programme in Malaysia on the economic empowerment of women.
+  The programme introduced the ability for low-income urban individuals to receive collateral-free credit.
+  The study finds that the programme, though not specifically aimed at women, indeed increased women's economic empowerment with an increase in household decision-making, as well as increased personal economic security.
+  Primarily this is due to the increased access to finance, though it also functions thorugh an increase of collective agency established for the women in organised meetings and trainings.
+  It also finds, however, that the empowerment outcomes are constrained by the inability for individuals to obtain loans, with the programme only disbursing group loans which are harder to achieve through obstacles to collective organisation by different racial and socio-demographic backgrounds in each dwelling.
+  The study is somewhat limited in its explanatory power since even through its random sampling design it can not establish control for all factors required in experimental design.

02-data/supplementary/lib.bib

@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@
   urldate = {2023-11-20},
   abstract = {The main goal of this study was to assess the impact of participation in Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia's (AIM) microcredit program on the empowerment among urban low-income women in Peninsular Malaysia. To attain the above mentioned objective, this study utilized a cross-sectional design using stratified random sampling method to examine whether or not participation in AIM's microcredit program improved urban low-income clients' role in household decision making, helped the clients achieve economic security, gain more control over resources and family decisions, improve their ability to go outside to work and improve their level of legal awareness. Findings of this study revealed that participation in AIM's microcredit program generated a positive and significant impact on women's empowerment in Urban Peninsular Malaysia. The results suggest that AIM should, therefore, focus on increasing the outreach by targeting urban low-income women. The policy makers should focus on establishing a supportive regulatory environment to promote sustainable development of all microcredit organizations in urban Malaysia.},
   langid = {english},
-  keywords = {country::Malaysia,inequality::gender,inequality::spatial,region::AP,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::microcredit},
+  keywords = {country::Malaysia,done::extracted,inequality::gender,inequality::spatial,region::AP,relevant,type::microcredit},
   file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/4DSIWGNU/Al-Mamun et al_2014_Empirical Investigation on the Impact of Microcredit on Women Empowerment in.pdf}
 }
 

scoping_review.qmd

@@ -648,6 +648,13 @@ here, it finds generally positive returns but greatest for non-agricultural work
 Importantly, the introduction of more technical classes, however, also changes employment sector choices, with men working less in agricultural work and more in non-farm wage sectors and an increased probability for rural women to both work in agriculture and to work formally.
 Limitations of the study include the inability to directly identify intervention compliers and having to construct returns for each household head only and a possibly unobserved 'villagization' effect by bringing people together in community villages for their education leading to other unobserved variable impacting the returns.
 
+@Al-Mamun2014 conduct a study on the impacts of an urban micro-finance programme in Malaysia on the economic empowerment of women.
+The programme introduced the ability for low-income urban individuals to receive collateral-free credit.
+The study finds that the programme, though not specifically aimed at women, indeed increased women's economic empowerment with an increase in household decision-making, as well as increased personal economic security.
+Primarily this is due to the increased access to finance, though it also functions thorugh an increase of collective agency established for the women in organised meetings and trainings.
+It also finds, however, that the empowerment outcomes are constrained by the inability for individuals to obtain loans, with the programme only disbursing group loans which are harder to achieve through obstacles to collective organisation by different racial and socio-demographic backgrounds in each dwelling.
+The study is somewhat limited in its explanatory power since even through its random sampling design it can not establish control for all factors required in experimental design.
+
 In an observational study looking at the inclusive or exclusionary effects of infrastructure development, @Stock2021 analyses the 'gender inclusive' development of a solar park in India which specifically aims to work towards micro-scale equality through regional uplifting.
 The project included a training and temporary employment to local unskilled/semi-skilled labour.
 It finds that the development instead impacted equality negatively, creating socio-economic exclusion and disproportionately negatively affected women of lower castes.