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@ -93,7 +93,9 @@ With an increasingly adopted approach in recent years, with rigorous dichotomy o
## Inclusion criteria
Concise narrowing criteria are applied to restrict the sample to studies looking at i) the effects of individual evidence-based policy measures or intervention initiatives ii) attempting to address a single or multiple of the defined inequalities in the world of work.
Concise narrowing criteria are applied to restrict the sample to studies looking at
i) the effects of individual evidence-based policy measures or intervention initiatives
ii) attempting to address a single or multiple of the defined inequalities in the world of work.
iii) using appropriate quantitative methods to examine the links of intervention and impact on the given inequalities.
The narrowing process makes use of the typology of inequalities, of forms of work, and of policy areas introduced above as its criteria.
@ -136,7 +138,15 @@ ultimately resulting in the process represented in the PRISMA chart in @fig-pris
```
All relevant data concerning both their major findings and statistical significance are then extracted from the individual studies into a collective results matrix.
The results to be identified in the matrix include a study's: i) key outcome measures (dependent variables), ii) main findings, iii) main policy interventions (independent variables), iv) study design and sample size, v) dataset and methods of evaluation, vi) direction of relation and level of representativeness, vii) level of statistical significance, viii) main limitations.
The results to be identified in the matrix include a study's:
i) key outcome measures (dependent variables),
ii) main findings,
iii) main policy interventions (independent variables),
iv) study design and sample size,
v) dataset and methods of evaluation,
vi) direction of relation and level of representativeness,
vii) level of statistical significance,
viii) main limitations.
```{python}
from src.model import prisma
@ -398,13 +408,13 @@ also generally indicating a propensity towards uneven redistributive policies.[^
[^alexious-rightwing]: The study observes a positive association between right-leaning governments and income inequality, whereas centrists exhibit varied outcomes, hinting at possible inconsistencies in their redistributive strategies. However, the study can not directly identify the causal factors within these relationships.
@Ahumada2023, taking the opposite approach,
explore how imbalanced political power distributions affect the availability and strength of collective labor rights.[^ahumada-approach]
explore how imbalanced political power distributions affect the availability and strength of collective labour rights.[^ahumada-approach]
Generally, they concur that contexts characterized by significant power disparities weaken opportunities for collective bargaining,
primarily due to either more restricted or disregarded labour rights coupled with less deeply rooted trade unionism.
In contrast, well establishes unionism curtails employers' lobbying efforts and make them susceptible to governments' divide-and-conquer strategies,
being more separate and less coordinated.
[^ahumada-approach]: The study employes a mix of quantitative global comparisons and qualitative analyses more specifically focused on Argentina and Chile. Thus, the strong institutional context of the two countries provides an analytical background which makes its qualitative analysis more difficult to generalize the quantitative findings.
[^ahumada-approach]: The study employs a mix of quantitative global comparisons and qualitative analyses more specifically focused on Argentina and Chile. Thus, the strong institutional context of the two countries provides an analytical background which makes its qualitative analysis more difficult to generalize the quantitative findings.
Focusing on the intersection between collective organisation and gender more specifically,
@Dieckhoff2015 examine the influence of trade unionisation on gender inequalities within European labour markets.
@ -751,7 +761,7 @@ a severely restricted generalizability due to the reform characteristics being s
[^pi-skilled-unskilled]: It uses skilled-unskilled inequality instead of rural-urban inequalities since the real wages of the rural sector are already much lower in China,
making comparisons along the 9th to 10th decile ratios more difficult.
[^hukou]: The hukou system generally denotes a permission towards either rural land-ownership and agricultural subsidies for the rural hukou or social welfare benefits and employment possibilities for the urban hukou, and children of migrants often have to go back to their place of registered residence for their college entrance examination. This study looks at reforms undoing some of the restrictions under the sytem.
[^hukou]: The hukou system generally denotes a permission towards either rural land-ownership and agricultural subsidies for the rural hukou or social welfare benefits and employment possibilities for the urban hukou, and children of migrants often have to go back to their place of registered residence for their college entrance examination. This study looks at reforms undoing some of the restrictions under the system.
@Suh2017 examines the effects of education-focused policies specifically on married women's employment in South Korea,
finding that they significantly increase their employment probability, as well reiterating an overall negative correlation between female labour force participation with income inequality.