feat(data): Extract Field2019

02-data/intermediate/SAMPLE.bib

@@ -4551,7 +4551,7 @@ does NOT look at inequalities affected}
   urldate = {2023-11-24},
   abstract = {Can greater control over earned income incentivize women to work and influence gender norms? In collaboration with Indian government partners, we provided rural women with individual bank accounts and randomly varied whether their wages from a public workfare program were directly deposited into these accounts or into the male household head's account (the status quo). Women in a random subset of villages were also trained on account use. In the short run, relative to women just offered bank accounts, those who also received direct deposit and training increased their labor supply in the public and private sectors. In the long run, gender norms liberalized: women who received direct deposit and training became more accepting of female work, and their husbands perceived fewer social costs to having a wife who works. These effects were concentrated in households with otherwise lower levels of, and stronger norms against, female work. Women in these households also worked more in the long run and became more empowered. These patterns are consistent with models of household decision-making in which increases in bargaining power from greater control over income interact with, and influence, gender norms.},
   langid = {english},
-  keywords = {country::India,inequality::gender,inequality::income,region::AP,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::structural},
+  keywords = {country::India,done::extracted,inequality::gender,inequality::income,method::qualitative,method::quantitative,region::AP,relevant,type::structural},
   file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/X4JAA2EL/Field et al_2019_On Her Own Account.pdf}
 }
 
@@ -7700,7 +7700,7 @@ does NOT look at inequalities affected}
   usage-count-last-180-days = {0},
   usage-count-since-2013 = {7},
   web-of-science-categories = {Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences},
-  keywords = {country::Madagascar,inequality::disability,region::SSA,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::institutional},
+  keywords = {cite::channels,country::Madagascar,inequality::disability,out::full-text,region::SSA,type::institutional},
   file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/HIEX9VVZ/Khan et al_2015_Rehabilitation in madagascar.pdf}
 }
 

02-data/processed/relevant/Field2019.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+author: Field, E., Pande, R., Rigol, N., Schaner, S., & Moore, C. T.
+year: 2019
+title: "On Her Own Account: How Strengthening Women’s Financial Control Affects Labor Supply and Gender Norms" 
+publisher: National Bureau of Economic Research
+uri: https://doi.org/10.3386/w26294
+pubtype: article
+discipline: development
+
+country: India
+period: 2013-2017
+maxlength: 36
+targeting: explicit
+group: women workers
+data: baseline, 2 follow-up surveys; MGNREGS Program Management information system (MIS)
+
+design: experimental
+method: RCT; individual account (partial treatment), account + training (full treatment)
+sample: 5851
+unit: household
+representativeness: subnational, rural
+causal: 1 # 0 correlation / 1 causal
+
+theory: financial empowerment as normative tool
+limitations: possibility of upward bias due to attenuation over time
+observation:
+  - intervention: training (financial)
+    institutional: 0
+    structural: 0
+    agency: 1
+    inequality: gender
+    type: 1 # 0 vertical / 1 horizontal
+    indicator: 0 # 0 absolute / 1 relative
+    measures: employment; hours worked
+    findings: short-term deposits into women's own accounts and training increased labour supply; long-term increased acceptance of female work and female hours worked
+    channels: increased bargaining power through greater control of income
+    direction: 1 # -1 neg / 0 none / 1 pos
+    significance: 2 # 0 nsg / 1 msg / 2 sg
+
+notes: long-run effects for constrained women working driven by private sector
+annotation: |
+  An experimental study looking at the effects of granting women increased access to their own financial accounts and training, on their employment and hours worked, as well as long-term economic empowerment.
+  The background of the experiment was the rural Indian MGNREGS[^1] programme which, despite ostensibly mandated gender wage parity, runs the risk of discouraging female workers and restrictring their agency by depositing earned wages into a single household account --- predominantly owned by the male head of household.
+  To grant increased financial access, the treatment changed the deposits into newly opened individual accounts for the women workers, as well as providing additional training to some women.
+  It found that, short-term, the deposits into women's individual accounts in combination with provided training increased their labour supply, while longer-term there was an increased acceptance of female work in affected households and a significant increase in women's hours worked.
+  The impacts on increased hours worked were concentrated on those households where previously women worked relatively lower amounts and there were stronger norms against female work while less constrained households' impacts dissipated over time.
+  The authors suggest the primary channel is the newly increased bargaining power through having a greater control of one's income, and that it in turn also reflects onto gender norms themselves.
+
+  [^1]: The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme, one of the largest redistribution programmes on the household level in the world, entitling each household to up to 100 days of work per year.

02-data/supplementary/lib.bib

@@ -4647,7 +4647,7 @@ does NOT look at inequalities affected}
   urldate = {2023-11-24},
   abstract = {Can greater control over earned income incentivize women to work and influence gender norms? In collaboration with Indian government partners, we provided rural women with individual bank accounts and randomly varied whether their wages from a public workfare program were directly deposited into these accounts or into the male household head's account (the status quo). Women in a random subset of villages were also trained on account use. In the short run, relative to women just offered bank accounts, those who also received direct deposit and training increased their labor supply in the public and private sectors. In the long run, gender norms liberalized: women who received direct deposit and training became more accepting of female work, and their husbands perceived fewer social costs to having a wife who works. These effects were concentrated in households with otherwise lower levels of, and stronger norms against, female work. Women in these households also worked more in the long run and became more empowered. These patterns are consistent with models of household decision-making in which increases in bargaining power from greater control over income interact with, and influence, gender norms.},
   langid = {english},
-  keywords = {country::India,inequality::gender,inequality::income,region::AP,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::structural},
+  keywords = {country::India,done::extracted,inequality::gender,inequality::income,method::qualitative,method::quantitative,region::AP,relevant,type::structural},
   file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/X4JAA2EL/Field et al_2019_On Her Own Account.pdf}
 }
 
@@ -7964,7 +7964,7 @@ main facilitators: legislation and disability policies; support from people in c
   usage-count-last-180-days = {0},
   usage-count-since-2013 = {7},
   web-of-science-categories = {Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences},
-  keywords = {country::Madagascar,inequality::disability,region::SSA,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::institutional},
+  keywords = {cite::channels,country::Madagascar,inequality::disability,out::full-text,region::SSA,type::institutional},
   file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/HIEX9VVZ/Khan et al_2015_Rehabilitation in madagascar.pdf}
 }
 

scoping_review.qmd

@@ -662,6 +662,15 @@ An insignificant amount of women from local villages were working at the solar p
 The author suggests this is an example of institutional design neglecting individual agency and structural power relations, especially intersectional inequalities between gender and caste.
 The study is limited in explanatory power through its observational design, not being able to make causal inferences.
 
+In turn, @Field2019 undertake an experimental study looking at the effects of granting women increased access to their own financial accounts and training on their employment and hours worked, as well as more long-term economic empowerment.
+The background of the experiment was the rural Indian MGNREGS[^1] programme which, despite ostensibly mandated gender wage parity, runs the risk of discouraging female workers and restrictring their agency by depositing earned wages into a single household account --- predominantly owned by the male head of household.
+To grant increased financial access, the treatment changed the deposits into newly opened individual accounts for the women workers, as well as providing additional training to some women.
+It found that, short-term, the deposits into women's individual accounts in combination with provided training increased their labour supply, while longer-term there was an increased acceptance of female work in affected households and a significant increase in women's hours worked.
+The impacts on increased hours worked were concentrated on those households where previously women worked relatively lower amounts and there were stronger norms against female work while less constrained households' impacts dissipated over time.
+The authors suggest the primary channel is the newly increased bargaining power through having a greater control of one's income, and that it in turn also reflects onto gender norms themselves.
+
+[^1]: The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme, one of the largest redistribution programmes on the household level in the world, entitling each household to up to 100 days of work per year.
+
 <!-- maternal intersection, children -->
 A variety of studies also look at female economic empowerment outcomes through a more generational lens,
 focusing on the effects of interventions aimed at maternity support ---