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@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ In MENA, SSA, LAC and to some extent AP, they find stricter labour and business
with market regulation having no significant impacts. with market regulation having no significant impacts.
They identify lacking institutional capability to accomplish regulatory policies optimized for benefits in developing countries and see the need for policies aimed at more specific targeting of inequality reduction.[^adams-targeting] They identify lacking institutional capability to accomplish regulatory policies optimized for benefits in developing countries and see the need for policies aimed at more specific targeting of inequality reduction.[^adams-targeting]
The study also analyses the effects of FDI and school enrolment which are reviewed in their respective sections, The study also analyses the effects of FDI and school enrolment which are reviewed in their respective sections,
though its focus remains primarily on regional trends rather than individual factors as causes for inequality. though the focus remains primarily on regional trends rather than individual factors as causes for inequality.
[^adams-targeting]: The authors furthermore suggest that regulatory policy in developing countries thus needs to be built specifically for their individual contexts and can not be exported in unaltered form from developed countries due to different structural make-up and institutional capabilities. [^adams-targeting]: The authors furthermore suggest that regulatory policy in developing countries thus needs to be built specifically for their individual contexts and can not be exported in unaltered form from developed countries due to different structural make-up and institutional capabilities.
@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ as well as requiring the prior assumption of decreased inequality through increa
@Alinaghi2020 conduct a microsimulation to estimate the effects of a minimum wage increase in New Zealand on overall income inequality and further disaggregate along gender and poverty lines. @Alinaghi2020 conduct a microsimulation to estimate the effects of a minimum wage increase in New Zealand on overall income inequality and further disaggregate along gender and poverty lines.
It finds limited redistributional effects for the policy, with negligible impact on overall income inequality and the possibility of actually increasing inequalities among lower percentile income households. It finds limited redistributional effects for the policy, with negligible impact on overall income inequality and the possibility of actually increasing inequalities among lower percentile income households.
The authors caution against overestimation of the results' generalisability due to large sample weights possibly biasing results towards sole parent outcomes. The authors caution against overestimation of the results' generalizability due to large sample weights possibly biasing results towards sole parent outcomes.
While the effects on poverty measures overall also remain insignificant for sole parents, While the effects on poverty measures overall also remain insignificant for sole parents,
it does find significant poverty reduction for sole parents which are in employment. it does find significant poverty reduction for sole parents which are in employment.
The authors suggest these findings point to bad programme targeting, The authors suggest these findings point to bad programme targeting,
@ -440,7 +440,8 @@ it may be one factor towards an increase in relative inequality for women which
@Cardinaleschi2019 investigate turn to collective organisation's effects on the gender wage gap in Italy. @Cardinaleschi2019 investigate turn to collective organisation's effects on the gender wage gap in Italy.
They identify occupational segregation as the principal cause of wage disparity as opposed to educational inequalities, They identify occupational segregation as the principal cause of wage disparity as opposed to educational inequalities,
with women predominantly working in more 'feminized' industries. with women predominantly working in more 'feminised' industries.
<!-- TODO explain feminised industry term? used again for Rendall2013 -->
While collective bargaining practices specifically targeting managerial representation and wages show some reduction in the wage gap, While collective bargaining practices specifically targeting managerial representation and wages show some reduction in the wage gap,
the impact is only marginally significant.[^cardinaleschi-msg] the impact is only marginally significant.[^cardinaleschi-msg]
The authors suggest a stronger mix of policy approaches such as including human capital development through well targeted active labour market policies. The authors suggest a stronger mix of policy approaches such as including human capital development through well targeted active labour market policies.
@ -522,7 +523,7 @@ due to its requirement of demonstrating inability to work creating a negative de
<!-- TODO Potentially mention single sentence of Standing also looking into UBI --> <!-- TODO Potentially mention single sentence of Standing also looking into UBI -->
@Cieplinski2021 conducted a simulation study on a working hours reduction and introduction of UBI in Italy, @Cieplinski2021 conducted a simulation study on a working hours reduction and introduction of UBI in Italy,
finding that both decreased overall income inequality through different mechanisms. finding that both decreased overall income inequality through different mechanisms.
UBI sustains aggregate demand, promoting more equtiable income distribution, UBI sustains aggregate demand, promoting more equitable income distribution,
while working time reductions significantly decrease aggregate demand through lower individual incomes, while working time reductions significantly decrease aggregate demand through lower individual incomes,
but in turn increases overall labour force participation and employment.[^cieplinski-notes] but in turn increases overall labour force participation and employment.[^cieplinski-notes]