chore(script): Imply regional/findings breakdowns

scoping_review.qmd

@@ -615,13 +615,11 @@ many studies use income measurements and changes in income or income inequality
 # Synthesis of Evidence --- a multitude of lenses
 
 This section will present a synthesis of evidence from the scoping review.
-The evidence will be presented by type of policies and world regions.
 The section will also present a discussion on the implications of the current evidence base for policy and underscore key knowledge gaps.
 
 Since policies employed in the pursuit of increased equality can take a wide form of actors, strategy approaches and implementation details,
-the following synthesis will first categorize between the main inequality (or combination of inequalities) a policy is aimed at improving.
+the following synthesis will first categorize between the main thematic area and its associated interventions,
-
+which are then distinguished between for their primary outcome inequalities.
-{{++ sort by intervention? gender+generational=maternity:paid leave,education benefits; disability+others; education+others  ++}}
 
 ## Income inequality through a vertical lens
 
@@ -639,6 +637,8 @@ The study is limited in its design focus that lying purely on the macro-level re
 While the literature on policy efforts towards income redistribution is large,
 studies which focus on the direct effects of individual policy interventions on income inequality and its possible linkages with other inequalities tends to focus on policies such as minimum wage impositions, direct transfers from the state or subsidies for individual life aspects.
 
+{{++ insert regional breakdown++}}
+
 <!-- minimum wage -->
 @Alinaghi2020 conduct a study using a microsimulation to estimate the effects of a minimum wage increase in New Zealand on overall income inequality and further disaggregation along gender and poverty lines.
 It finds limited redistributional effects for the policy, with negligible impact on overall income inequality and the possibility of actually increasing inequalities among lower percentile income households.
@@ -664,11 +664,19 @@ in each country's case the transfers to individuals reduced their poverty and we
 The authors thus suggest that their findings may be compatible both with an institutionalist perspective seeing poverty-eliminating benefits in the short term and with an underclass perspective which contends that nonetheless the transfers do not eliminate the deprivations members of disadvantaged groups face, while providing little evidence for generating welfare dependency proposed in a more neoclassical perspective.
 However, due to no long-term panel data available to fully analyse the underclass and neoclassical arguments, these findings should not be understood too generalizable.
 
+{{++ insert intervention/outcome breakdown ++}}
+
 ## Gender inequality
 
 Gender inequality is the second most reviewed dimension of workplace inequality in the study sample,
 with a variety of studies looking at predominantly it through the lens of female economic empowerment or through closing gender pay gaps.
 
+
+
+
+
+{{++ insert regional breakdown++}}
+
 <!-- economic empowerment and wage gap -->
 Looking at the returns of the Tanzanian 'Universal Primary Education' programme on consumption and on rural labour market outcomes, @Delesalle2021, finds outcomes that additionally differ along spatial and gender lines.
 The programme both attempted to increase access to schools but also changed curricula to contain more technical classes, judged relevant to increase equity in rural areas.
@@ -739,8 +747,13 @@ It also finds significantly positive impacts on the human capital of the childre
 This suggests childcare costs being removed through a quasi-subsidy reducing the required childcare time burden on mothers, increasing parental agency and employment choices.
 Some limitations to the study include a relatively small overall sample size, as well as employment effects becoming insignificant when the effect is measured on randomization alone (without an additional instrumental variable).
 
+{{++ insert intervention/outcome breakdown ++}}
+
 ## Spatial inequality
 
+
+{{++ insert regional breakdown++}}
+
 <!-- non-spatial policy but spatial effects -->
 @Gilbert2001 undertake a study looking at the distributional effects of introducing a minimum wage in Britain, with a specific spatial component.
 Overall it finds little effect on income inequality in the country.
@@ -806,8 +819,16 @@ and that much of the increases in welfare are based on movement of rural workers
 The study creates causal inferences but is limited in its modelling approach representing a limited subset of empirical possibility spaces,
 as well as having to make the assumption of no population growth for measures to hold.
 
+{{++ insert intervention/outcome breakdown ++}}
+
 ## Disability
 
+{{++ insert regional breakdown++}}
+
+<!-- LFP and RTW -->
+There is a clear bias in studies on disability interventions towards studies undertaken in developed countries and, more specifically,
+based on the Veteran Disability system in the United States which has been the object of analysis for a wide variety of studies.
+
 @Carstens2018 conduct an analysis of the potential factors influencing mentally ill individuals in the United States to participate in the labour force, using correlation between different programmes of Medicaid and labour force status.
 In trying to find labour force participation predictors it finds employment motivating factors in reduced depression and anxiety, increased responsibility and problem-solving and stress management being positive predictors.
 In turn barriers of increased stress, discrimination based on their mental, loss of free time, loss of government benefits and tests for illegal drugs were listed as barriers negatively associated with labour force participation.
@@ -821,7 +842,8 @@ The primary barriers of return to work efforts identified are an individual's he
 while the primary Facilitators identified are financial assistance provided for education as well as strengthened individual agency through motivation.
 Some limitations include a possible bias of accommodations required through the sample being restricted to veterans with a caregiver, which often signals more substantial impairments than for a larger training-participatory sample, as well as the data not being able to identify the impact of supported employment.
 
-Both studies thus not only reinforce recommendations for strength-based approaches, emphasizing the benefits of work, but also highlight the targeting importance of subsidy programmes in general on the one hand,
+
+The studies thus not only reinforce recommendations for strength-based approaches, emphasizing the benefits of work, but also highlight the targeting importance of subsidy programmes in general on the one hand,
 in the worst case reducing equity through bad targeting mechanisms,
 and their negative reinforcement effects widening existing inequalities of gender, age and racial discrimination through such targeting on the other.
 
@@ -833,6 +855,8 @@ Additionally, it highlighted the necessity of strengthening the individual agenc
 Additionally, providers must be willing to develop a disclosure plan with the employee and enter the workplace itself to adequately assist in the accommodation process.
 Limitations to the study include the limited generalizability of its findings with a small non-randomized sample size and restriction to mental health disability.
 
+{{++ insert intervention/outcome breakdown ++}}
+
 # Conclusion
 
 The section with conclude with reflections on the implications of findings for policy.