Update docx vietnam

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Marty Oehme 2022-08-16 11:25:35 +02:00
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### [ ] vandeWalle2001
### [x] vandeWalle2001
results:
* ethnic minorities predominantly living in (remote) rural areas and lower living standards than ethnic majority
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* compounded by social immobility and regional differences in living standards
* does little to help using ethnic majority way of policy, must be specifically designed to reach minority households in poor areas; requires e.g. infrastructure development to change market disadvantages, isolation and social exclusion
### [ ] Baulch2012
### [x] Baulch2012
results: (real) welfare (consumption) inequality between ethnic minorities and majority 1993-2004 increased by 14.6%; ~40% of gap due to endowments (primarily demographic structure and education), at least half due to differences in returns to endowments; geographic variables less than 20% of gap; much of gap 'linked to temporal changes in unobservable factors'
* some additional suggested drivers are lack of ability in Vietnamese language, distance to commune/district centers amplifying effects

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