abstract: 'We use microdata to calculate the gains of eliminating gender and ethnic

  labor market gaps in Malaysia for the period 2010-2017. We document

  significant gaps in terms of participation in the labor market and

  entrepreneurship, distinguishing between employers and self-employed.

  Female-male ratios are 64\% for labor market participation, 82\% for

  self-employment, and 32\% for being employers. Across different age and

  ethnic groups, gender gaps in labor force participation are particularly

  pronounced for older workers and in entrepreneurship for Chinese

  workers. Our results indicate substantial income gains if gender and

  ethnic gaps were eliminated. Eliminating the entrepreneurship gender

  gaps increases income per capita by 6.54\% in the long run. When we also

  include the employment gender gap, the long-run gains are 26.18\%. The

  elimination of ethnic gaps could in the long run result in a smaller but

  still sizeable increase in income per capita of 11.5\%.'
affiliation: 'Cuberes, D (Corresponding Author), Clark Univ, Dept Econ, Worcester,
  MA 01610 USA.

  Cuberes, David, Clark Univ, Dept Econ, Worcester, MA 01610 USA.

  Schmillen, Achim, World Bank, Washington, DC USA.

  Teignier, Marc, Univ Barcelona, Dept Econ, Barcelona, Spain.'
article-number: '101615'
author: Cuberes, David and Schmillen, Achim and Teignier, Marc
author-email: 'dcuberes@clarku.edu

  aschmillen@worldbank.org

  marc.teignier@ub.edu'
author_list:
- family: Cuberes
  given: David
- family: Schmillen
  given: Achim
- family: Teignier
  given: Marc
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1016/j.asieco.2023.101615
earlyaccessdate: MAY 2023
eissn: 1873-7927
files: []
issn: 1049-0078
journal: JOURNAL OF ASIAN ECONOMICS
keywords: 'Malaysia; Gender inequality; Entrepreneurship talent; Span of control;

  Aggregate productivity'
keywords-plus: WAGE DIFFERENTIALS
language: English
month: AUG
number-of-cited-references: '27'
papis_id: cf231f3ca0f66cdc5bff0e516451185e
ref: Cuberes2023aggregategains
times-cited: '0'
title: The aggregate gains of eliminating gender and ethnic gaps in the Malaysian
  labor market
type: article
unique-id: WOS:001012603300001
usage-count-last-180-days: '1'
usage-count-since-2013: '1'
volume: '87'
web-of-science-categories: Economics
year: '2023'