1. Niessen LW, Mohan D, Akuoku JK, Mirelman AJ, Ahmed S, Peters DH, et al. Tackling socioeconomic inequalities and non-communicable diseases in low-income and middle-income countries under the Sustainable Development agenda. Lancet. 2018;391:2036–82 [cited 2020 Dec 30]. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/.
2. Pickett KE, Wilkinson RG. Income inequality and health: A causal review. Vol. 128, Social Science and Medicine. Elsevier Ltd; 2015. p. 316–26.
3. Lin KH, Tomaskovic-Devey D. Financialization and U.S. income inequality. Am J Sociol. 2013;118(5):1284–329. https://doi.org/10.1086/669499.
4. Fletcher DR. Welfare reform, Jobcentre plus and the street-level bureaucracy: towards inconsistent and discriminatory welfare for severely disadvantaged groups? Soc Policy Soc. 2011 Oct 1;10(4):445–58. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474746411000200.
5. Albeda W. The dream of a humane capitalism. Maandschr Econ. 1999;63(6): 406–26.
6. Pelton LH. Welfare Discrimination and Child Welfare. Ohio State Law J. 1999; 60 [cited 2020 Jun 9]. Available from: https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?ha ndle=hein.journals/ohslj60&id=1493&div=43&collection=journals.
7. Ruckert A, Huynh C, Labonté R. Reducing health inequities: is universal basic income the way forward? J Public Health (Bangkok). 2018;40(1):3–7 [cited 2020 Dec 30]. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/jpubhealth/article/4 0/1/3/2966187.
8. Painter A. A universal basic income: the answer to poverty, insecurity, and health inequality? BMJ. 2016;355(December):1–2.
9. Ontario Ministry of Community and Social Services. Basic income pilot: public survey. 2016 [cited 2017 Jan 4]. Available from: https://www.ontario. ca/form/basic-income-pilot-public-survey
10. Forget EL. The Town with No Poverty: the health effects of a Canadian guaranteed annual income field experiment. Can Public Policy. 2011;37(3): 283–305.
11. Forget EL, Marando D, Surman T, Urban MC. Pilot lessons: how to design a
basic income pilot project for Ontario; 2016. 12. Standing G. From cash transfers to basic income: an unfolding Indian
agenda. Indian J Labour Econ. 2014;57(1):111–38 Available from: http:// www.guystanding.com/files/documents/IJLE_cash_transfers_basic_ income_2014_as_published.pdf%5Cnpapers2://publication/uuid/3D07D3C46167-47E9-8012-ABE98C78D8F2.
13. Navarro V. What we mean by social determinants of health. Glob Health Promot. 2009;16(1):5–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757975908100746.
14. Muntaner C, Salazar RMG, Rueda S, Armada F. Challenging the neoliberal trend. Can J Public Heal. 2006;97(6):I19–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03405240.
15. Harvey D. A brief history of neoliberalism. New York: Oxford University Press; 2007.
16. Dermont C, Weisstanner D. Automation and the future of the welfare state: basic income as a response to technological change? Polit Res Exch. 2020; 2(1):1757387 [cited 2020 Dec 30]. Available from: https://www.tandfonline. com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=prxx20.
17. Celentano D. Automation, Labour Justice, and Equality. Ethics Soc Welf. 2019;13(1):33–50 [cited 2020 Dec 30]. Available from: https://www.ta ndfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=resw20.
18. Shah M, Sachdeva M, Dodiuk-Gad RP. COVID-19 and racial disparities. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020;83(1):e35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.046.
19. Dyer O. Covid-19: Africa records over 10 000 cases as lockdowns take hold. BMJ. 2020;369(March):m1439. Available from:. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1439.
20. Usher K, Bhullar N, Jackson D. Life in the pandemic: social isolation and mental health. J Clin Nurs. 2020 Aug 1;29(15–16):2756–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15290.
21. Slater A. The economic cost of coronavirus lockdowns Economist [Internet]. [cited 2020 Dec 31]. Available from: https://www.economics.ox.ac.uk/materia ls/working_papers/p
22. Gounder R. Economic vulnerabilities and livelihoods: impact of COVID-19 in Fiji and Vanuatu. Oceania. 2020;90(Suppl. 1): 107–13.
23. Employment and Social Development of Canada. Government of Canada announces plan to help support Canadians through the next phase of the recovery - Canada.ca [Internet]. [cited 2020 Dec 31]. Available from: https:// www.canada.ca/en/employment-social-development/news/2020/08/ government-of-canada-announces-plan-to-help-support-canadians-throughthe-next-phase-of-the-recovery.html
24. Treasury T. COVID-19 economic response measures [Internet]. [cited 2020 Dec 31]. Available from: https://www.treasury.govt.nz/information-andservices/new-zealand-economy/covid-19-economic-response/measures
25. Johnson AF, Roberto KJ. The COVID-19 pandemic: time for a universal basic income? 2020 [cited 2020 Dec 31]; Available from: https://orcid.org/00000003-4041-3494
26. Ståhl C, MacEachen E. Universal Basic income as a policy response to COVID-19 and precarious employment: potential impacts on rehabilitation and return-to-work. J Occup Rehab. Springer. 2020:1–4 [cited 2020 Dec 31]. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-020-09923-w.
27. Gibson M, Hearty W, Craig P. Potential effects of universal basic income: a scoping review of evidence on impacts and study characteristics. Lancet. 2018;392:S36.
28. Aboudi R, Thon D, Zheng M. Designing a basic income system with a social welfare function. J Public Econ Theory. 2014;16(4):546–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpet.12074.
29. Fitzpatrick T, Rosella LC, Calzavara A, Petch J, Pinto AD, Manson H, et al. Looking beyond income and education: socioeconomic status gradients among future high-cost users of health care. Am J Prev Med. 2015;49(2): 161–71. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S07493 79715000823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2015.02.018.
30. Rosella LC, Fitzpatrick T, Wodchis WP, Calzavara A, Manson H, Goel V. High-cost health care users in Ontario, Canada: Demographic, socioeconomic, and health status characteristics. BMC Health Serv Res. 2014;14(1):532. Available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/14726963/14/532.
31. Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Closing the gap in a generation. Health Equity Through Action on the Social Determinants of Health. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-021-01479-2.
32. Canadian Institute for Health Information. Trends in Income-Related Health Inequalities in Canada. 2015;1692(November):1998–2011.
33. Green D, Kesselman JR, Tedds L. Consideration for basic income as a Covid19 response. Sch Public Policy Publ. 2020;13(11):1–15 [cited 2020 Dec 31]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.11575/sppp.v13i0.70353.
34. Mourão L, de Jesus AM. Bolsa família (Family Grant) programme: An analysis of Brazilian income transfer programme. F Actions Sci Rep. 2012;4(Special Issue 4):43–9.
35. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Critical Appraisal Tools. [cited 2021 Apr 2]. 36. Haushofer J, Shapiro J. Household Response to Income Changes: Evidence
from an Unconditional Cash Transfer Program in Kenya. 2013. Available from: https://www.poverty-action.org/publication/household-responseincome-changes-evidence-unconditional-cash-transfer-program-kenya
37. Nicholson W, Wright SR. Participants’ understanding of the treatment in policy experimentation. Eval Q. 1977 May;1(2):245–68. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193841X7700100202.
38. Robins PK. A Guaranteed annual income: evidence from a social experiment. New York: Academic Press; 1980. [cited 2020 Jun 10]. Available from: https://search.library.utoronto.ca/details?4235333
39. Wright S. Work response to income maintenance: economic, sociological, and cultural perspectives. Soc Forces. 1975;53(4):562.
40. Haarmann C, Haarmann D, Jauch H, Shindondola-Mote H, Nattrass N, Samson M, et al. “Towards a basic income grant for all”: Basic income grant pilot project assessment report. Windhoek: Basic Income Grant Coalition; 2008.
41. Haarmann C, Haarmann D, Jauch H, Shindondola-Mote H, Nattrass N, van Niekerk I, et al. Making the difference! The BIG in Namibia Basic Income Grant Pilot Project. 2009 [cited 2020 Jun 10]. Available from: http://www. bignam.org/Publications/BIG_Assessment_report_08b.pdf
42. Jones D, Marinescu I. The labour market impacts of universal and permanent cash transfers: evidence from the Alaksa permanent fund [Internet]. Working Paper 24312, Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling. Cambridge; 2018. Available from: http://www.nber.org/papers/ w24312%0ANATIONAL. Accessed 16 June 2020.
43. Moffitt RA. The negative income tax and the evolution of U.S. welfare policy. J Econ Perspective. 2003;17(3):119-40.
44. Connor J, Rodgers A, Priest P. Randomised studies of income supplementation: a lost opportunity to assess health outcomes. J Epidemiol Commun Health. 1999;53(11):725–30. Available from: https://www.scopus. com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0032845839&partnerID=40&md5=08b91 7e6e8875312d1e84adc6c9f367e. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.53.11.725.
45. Beck S, Pulkki-Brannstrom AM, San SM. Basic income - healthy outcome? Effects on health of an Indian basic income pilot project: a cluster randomised trial. J Dev Eff. 2015;7(1):111–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/19439342.2014.974200.
46. Skidmore F. Availability of data from the graduated work incentive experiment. J Hum Resour. 1974;9(2):265–78. https://doi.org/10.2307/144976.
47. U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. The Rural Income Maintenance Experiment [Internet]. Vol. 3, Evaluation Studies Review Annual. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications; 1978.
48. Bawden DL. Income maintenance and the rural poor: an experimental approach. Am J Agric Econ. 1970 Aug;52(3):438–41. https://doi.org/10.2307/1237396.
49. Kaluzny RL. Changes in the consumption of housing services: the Gary experiment. J Hum Resour. 1979;14(4):496. https://doi.org/10.2307/145320.
50. Salkind NJ, Haskins R. Negative income tax: the impact on children from low-income families. J Fam Issues. 1982;3(2):165–80. https://doi.org/10.1177/019251382003002003.
51. Widerquist K. A failure to communicate: what (if anything) can we learn from the negative income tax experiments? J Socio Econ. 2005;34(1):49–81. Available from: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-11 044227835&partnerID=40&md5=e0135a0d8994599a6be7c50fcf0ffef1. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2004.09.050.
52. Spiegelman RG, Yaeger KE. The Seattle and Denver income maintenance experiments: overview. J Hum Resour. 1980;15(4):463. https://doi.org/10.2307/145397.
53. SEWA BHARAT. A little more, how much it is … piloting basic income transfers in Madhya Pradesh, India. New Delhi; 2014.
54. Kangas O, Jauhiainen S, Simanainen M, Ylikännö M. The Basic Income Experiment 2017–2018 in Finland: Preliminary Results. 2019 [cited 2020 Jun 9]. Available from: https://julkaisut.valtioneuvosto.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/ 161361/Report_The Basic Income Experiment 20172018 in Finland. pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.
55. Calnitsky D. “More Normal than welfare”: the Mincome experiment, Stigma, and Community Experience. Canadian Sociological Association. 2016;53(1):26–71.
56. Greenberg D, Halsey H. Systematic misreporting and effects of income maintenance experiments on work effort: evidence from the Seattle-Denver experiment. J Labor Econ. 1983;1(4):380–407. https://doi.org/10.1086/298019.
57. Metcalf BCE. Making Inferences from Controlled Income Maintenance Experiments. Am Econ Rev. 1973;63(3):478–83.
58. Keeley MC. Migration as consumption: the impact of alternative negative income tax program. Res Popul Econ. 1980;2:401–32.
59. Keeley MC. The effect of a negative income tax on migration. J Hum Resour. 1980;15(4):695–706. https://doi.org/10.2307/145408.
60. Heffernan J. Impact of a negative income tax on awareness of social services. Soc Work Res Abstr. 1977;13(2):17–23 Available from: http://ovidsp. ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi? T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D= swab&AN=906.
61. Johnson WR. The effect of a negative income tax on risk-taking in the labor market. Econ Inq. 1980;18(3):395.
62. Neuberg LG. Distorted transmission: a case study in the diffusion of social “scientific” research. Theory Soc. 1988;17(Jul 88):487–525.
63. Kehrer BH, Wolin CM. Impact of income maintenance on low birth weight: evidence from the Gary experiment. J Hum Resour. 1979;14(4):434–62. https://doi.org/10.2307/145316.
64. Forget EL. New questions, new data, old interventions: the health effects of a guaranteed annual income. Prev Med (Baltim). 2013;57(6):925–8. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.05.029.
65. Greenberg D, Moffitt R, Friedmann J. Underreporting and experimental effects on work effort: evidence from the Gary income maintenance experiment. Rev Econ Stat. 1981 Nov;63(4):581. https://doi.org/10.2307/1935854.
66. Maynard RA. The Effects of the Rural Income Maintenance Experiment on the School Performance of Children. Am Econ Rev. 1977;67:370–5 [cited 2020 Jun 10]. Available from: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1815932.
67. Murray MC, Pateman C. Basic income worldwide: horizons of reform [Internet]. International political economy series. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan; 2012. p. 83–96.
68. Burtless G, Greenberg D. Inappropriate comparisons as a basis for policy: two recent examples from the social experiments. J Public Policy. 1981;1(3): 381–99. Available from: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2. 0-84971150777&partnerID=40&md5=241c001c0ef7a1f740ad58aceb913172. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0143814X00001677.
69. Bishop JH. Jobs, cash transfers and marital instability: a review and synthesis of the evidence. J Hum Resour. 1980;15(3):301–34 Available from: http:// ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi? T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D= swab&AN=6694.
70. Groeneveld LP, Tuma NB, Hannan MT. The effects of negative income tax programs on marital dissolution. J Hum Resour. 1980;15(4):654–75. https:// doi.org/10.2307/145406.
71. Moffitt RA. The negative income tax: would it discourage work? Mon Labor Rev. 1981;104:23–7. Available from: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.a spx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=6003207&site=bsi-live.
72. Cain GG, Wissoker DA. A Reanalyis of marital stability in the Seattle-Denver income-maintenance experiment. Am J Sociol. 1990;95(5):1235–69. https:// doi.org/10.1086/229428.
73. Baumol WJ. An overview of the results on consumption, health, and social behaviour. J Hum Resour. 1974;9(2):253–264.
74. Ashenfelter O, Plant MW. Nonparametric estimates of the labor-supply effects of negative income tax programs. J Labor Econ. 1990;8(1):S396S415.
75. Moffitt RA, Kehrer KC. The effect of tax and transfer programs on labor supply: the evidence from the income maintenance experiments. Res Labor Econ. 2012;35:59–106. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0147-9121(2012)0000035030.
76. Davala S, Jhabvala R, Mehta SK, Standing G. Basic income: a transformative policy in India. London: Bloomsbury; 2015.
77. Rossi PH, Rosenbaum SW. First negative income tax experiment: a giant forward step. Free Inq Creat Sociol. 1983;11(2):121–8.
78. Osterkamp R. The Basic income Grant pilot project in Namibia: a critical assessment. Basic Income Stud. 2013;8(1):71–91.
79. Widerquist K. A Critical Analysis of Basic Income Experiments for Researchers, Policymakers, and Citizens. 1st ed. A Critical Analysis of Basic Income Experiments for Researchers, Policymakers, and Citizens. Palgrave Pivot; 2018.
80. Calnitsky D. Basic Income and the Pitfalls of Randomization. Contexts. 2019; 18(1):22–9 [cited 2020 Jun 10]. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com/ doi/10.1177/1536504219830673.
81. Gibson M, Hearty W, Craig P. Potential effects of universal basic income: a scoping review of evidence on impacts and study characteristics. Lancet. 2018 Nov;392:S36. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32083-X.
82. Moffitt RA. The negative income tax: would it discourage work? Mon Labour Rev. 1981;104(4):23–7.
83. Spiegelman RG, Yaeger K. Overview: the Seattle and Denver income maintenance experiments. J Hum Resour. 1980;15(4):463–79. https://doi.org/10.2307/145397.
84. Kershaw DN, Fair J. The New Jersey income-maintenance experiment. Watts H, Rees a, editors. Vol. 1. New York: Academic Press; 1976.
85. Dickinson K, Watts HW. The experimental panel data resources at the poverty institute data center. Am Econ Rev. 1975;65(2):263–9.
86. Braveman P, Gottlieb L. The social determinants of health: It’s time to consider the causes of the causes. Public Health Rep. 2014;129(SUPPL. 2): 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/00333549141291S206.
87. Brodkin EZ, Kaufman A. Policy experiments and poverty politics. Soc Serv Rev. 2000;74(4):507–32. https://doi.org/10.1086/516423.
88. Burtless G. The work response to a guaranteed income: a survey of experimental evidence. Conf Ser, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. 1986;30: 22–59.
89. Burtless BG, Greenberg D. Inferences concerning labor supply behavior based on limited-duration experiments. Am Econ Rev. 1982;72(3):488–97.
90. Burtless G, Hausman JA. The Effect of Taxation on Labor Supply: Evaluating the Gary Negative Income Tax Experiment. J Polit Econ. 1978;86(6):1103–30.
91. Byrne DM. Some preliminary results of income-maintenance experiments. Nebraska J Econ Bus. 1973;12(4):23.
92. Cain GG., Nicholson W, Mallar CD., Wooldridge J. The labour-supply response of married women, husband present. J Hum Resour. 1974;9(2): 201–222.
93. Arvin BM, Choudhry S. Negative income taxes and household transition dynamics: evidence from the Canadian Mincome experiment. Int J Appl Econ. 2001;9(3):255–84.
94. Choudhry SA, Hum DPJ. Graduated work incentives and how they affect marital stability: the Canadian evidence. Appl Econ Lett. 1995;2(10):367–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/758518991.
95. Curry WF. The use of field tests in the making of public policy: comparative case studies. West Virginia University; 1981.
96. Elesh D, Lefcowitz MJ. The effects of the New Jersey Pennsylvania negative income tax experiment on health and health care utilization. J Health Soc Behav. 1977;18(4):391–405. https://doi.org/10.2307/2955347.
97. Forget EL. Abolishing poverty: the history and significance of the north American guaranteed annual income social experiments. Stor Del Pensiero Econ. 2010;1:5–31.
98. Forget EL, Peden AD, Strobel SB. Cash transfers, basic income and community building. Soc Incl. 2013;1(2):84–91. Available from: https://www. scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84921846815&partnerID= 40&md5=c1b82d05d09aa960f2ad59d4409a4cbc. https://doi.org/10.17645/si.v1i2.113.
99. Hollister RG. The Labor-Supply Response of the Family. J Hum Resour. 1974; 9(2):223 [cited 2020 Jun 10]. Available from: https://www.jstor.org/stable/144 974.
100. Hum DP, Hum D, Choudhry S. Income, work and marital dissolution: Canadian experimental Evidence. J Comp Fam Stud. 1992;23(2):249–65. https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.23.2.249.
101. Hum D, Simpson W. Income maintenance, work effort, and the Canadian Mincome experiment. Economic Council of Canada; 1991.
102. Hum D, Simpson W. Economic response to a guaranteed annual income: Experience from Canada and the United States. J Labor Econ. 1993;11(1): S263-296.
103. Huston AC. Effects of poverty on children. In: Balter L, Tamis-LeMonda CS, editors. Child psychology: a handbook of contemporary issues [internet]. New York: Psychology Press; 1999. p. 391–411. Available from: https:// psycnet.apa.org/record/1999-04370-018.
104. Kangas O, Jauhiainen S, Simanainen M, Ylikännö M. The basic income experiment 2017–2018 in Finland: Preliminary results. [Internet]. Reports and memorandums of the ministry of social affairs and health. 2019. Available from: http://julkaisut.valtioneuvosto.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/161361/ Report_The Basic Income Experiment 20172018 in Finland.pdf. ISBN:978– 952–00-4035-2
105. Keeley BMC, Robins PK, Spiegelman RG, West RW. The estimation of labor supply models using experimental data. Am Econ Rev. 1978;68(5):873–87.
106. Keeley MC, Robins PK, Spiegelman RG, West RW. The labor-supply effects and costs of alternative negative income tax programs. J Hum Resour. 1978; 13(1):3–36. https://doi.org/10.2307/145299.
107. Keeley M, Robins P. Work Incentives and the Negative Income Tax. Challenge. 1979;22(1):52–5 [cited 2020 Jun 10]. Pinto et al. International Journal for Equity in Health (2021) 20:142
108. Keeley MC. The effects of negative income tax programs on fertility. J Hum Resour. 1980;15(4):675–94. https://doi.org/10.2307/145407.
109. Keeley MC. The effects of experimental negative income tax programs on marital dissolution : evidence from the Seattle and Denver income maintenance experiments. Int Econ Rev (Philadelphia). 1987;28(1):241–57. https://doi.org/10.2307/2526870.
110. Kerachsky SH. Labor supply decisions of farm families. Am J Agric Econ. 1977 Dec;59(5):869–76. https://doi.org/10.2307/1239851.
111. Kershaw DN. A negative-income-tax experiment. Sci Am. 1972 Oct;227(4): 19–25. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1072-19.
112. Levine RA, Watts H, Hollister R, Williams W, O’Connor A, Widerquist K. A Retrospective on the Negative Income Tax Experiments: Looking Back at the Most Innovative Field Studies in Social Policy. In: The Ethics and Economics of the Basic Income Guarantee; 2005. p. 95–106. Available from: https://works.bepress.com/widerquist/14/.
113. Maynard RA, Murnane RJ. The effects of the rural income maintenance experiment on the school performance of children. J Hum Resour. 1979; 14(4):463–76. Available from: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct= true&db=buh&AN=4511673&site=ehost-live. https://doi.org/10.2307/145317.
114. McDonald JF, Stephenson SP Jr. The effect of income maintenance on the school-enrollment and labor-supply decisions of teenagers. J Hum Resour. 1979;14(4):488.
115. Moffitt RA. The labor supply response in the Gary Experiment. J Hum Resour. 1979;14(4):477.
116. Munnell AH, Burtless G, Cain G. Lessons from the income maintenance experiments. In: Munnell AH, editor. Economic Research Conference Series 30 [Internet]. Federal Reserve Bank of Boston and The Brookings Institute; 1987. p. 1–94.
117. O’Connor JF, Madden JP. The negative income tax and the quality of dietary intake. J Hum Resour J Hum Resour. 1979;14(4):507–17. https://doi.org/10.2307/145321.
118. Robins PK. A comparison of the labor supply findings from the four negative income tax experiments. J Hum Resour. 1985;20(4):567–82. Available from: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssa &AN=508147570&site=ehost-live. https://doi.org/10.2307/145685.
119. Robins PK, Tuma NB, Yaeger KE. The Seattle and Denver income maintenance experiments. J Hum Resour. 1980;15(4):545–73. https://doi.org/10.2307/145401.
120. Robins PK, West RW. Sample attrition and labor supply response in experimental panel data: a study of alternative correction procedures. J Bus Econ Stat. 1986;4(3):329–38.
121. Ross HL. An experimental study of the negative income tax. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 1970. Available from: http://dspace.mit.edu/ha ndle/1721.1/13874?show=full.
122. Standing G. Why Basic Income’s emancipatory value exceeds its monetary value. Basic Income Stud. 2015;10(2):193–223.
123. Stephens M. Are there treatment duration differences in the Seattle and Denver income maintenance experiments? B E J Econom Anal Policy. 2007; 7(1):1–41.
124. Watts H. Graduated works incentives: an experiment in negative taxation. Am Econ Rev. 1969 May;59(2):463–72.
125. Weiss Y, Hall A, Dong F. The Seattle and Denver Income Maintenance Experiments: The Effect of Price and Income on Investment in Schooling. J Hum Resour. 1980;15(4):611.
126. West RW. Effects on wage rates: an interim analysis. J Hum Resour. 1980; 15(4):641. https://doi.org/10.2307/145405.
127. West RW. The effects on the labor supply of young nonheads. J Hum Resour. 1980;15(4):574. https://doi.org/10.2307/145402.
128. Widerquist K. What (if anything) can we learn from the Negative Income Tax experiments? In: Widerquist K, Noguera JA, Vanderborght Y, de Wispelaere J d, editors. Basic income: an anthology of contemporary research. Chichester: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company; 2013. p. 216–29.
129. Wright SR, Wright JD. Income maintenance and work behavior. Soc Policy. 1975;6(2):24–32.