abstract: 'Although early childhood education, and care provision (ECEC) is. increasing in, all the industrialized welfare states, institutional arrangements for providing and financing services still vary substantially across countries at similar levels of economic development. These policies have potentially important implications for the reduction of income and labor market inequalities. In this paper we document variation in the institutional arrangements for ECEC in fourteen industrialized countries. Institutional variation is associated with equally varied levels of public responsibility for the care. of young children across countries, and between age groups within some countries. The extent to which care is, socialized has implications for the reduction of several forms of social inequality.' affiliation: 'Meyers, MK (Corresponding Author), Univ Washington, 4101-15 Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. CUNY, Baruch Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. CUNY, Grad Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA.' author: Meyers, MK and Gornick, JC author_list: - family: Meyers given: MK - family: Gornick given: JC da: '2023-09-28' doi: 10.3138/jcfs.34.3.379 files: [] issn: 0047-2328 journal: JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE FAMILY STUDIES keywords-plus: MOTHERS; GENDER; EMPLOYMENT; WAGES language: English month: SUM number: '3' number-of-cited-references: '70' pages: 379+ papis_id: 2fb1704798ef47acc10f5b6922554a9a ref: Meyers2003publicprivate times-cited: '33' title: Public or private responsibility? Early childhood education and care, inequality, and the welfare state type: article unique-id: WOS:000185300700005 usage-count-last-180-days: '0' usage-count-since-2013: '27' volume: '34' web-of-science-categories: Family Studies year: '2003'