abstract: 'Cross-national studies of the impact of welfare states on gender inequality tend to overlook socio-economic divisions among women. This article challenges the implicit assumption that welfare states have uniform effects on the economic attainments of women, arguing that the impact of state intervention is necessarily conditioned by women''s relative advantage or disadvantage in the labour market. Based on Luxembourg Income Study microdata for 21 advanced countries, the paper analyses gender wage gaps among highly skilled and low skilled men and women. The findings suggest that welfare state policies interact with socio-economic position: they limit the economic rewards of highly skilled women, but do not adversely affect, and by some measures actually benefit, those who are less skilled. Highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of social policies for different groups of women, the article concludes that more research is needed to explore differentiated approaches to reconciling work and family, rather than addressing universal work-family tensions.' affiliation: 'Mandel, H (Corresponding Author), Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Sociol, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Sociol, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.' author: Mandel, Hadas author-email: hadasm@post.tau.ac.il author_list: - family: Mandel given: Hadas da: '2023-09-28' doi: 10.1093/esr/jcq061 files: [] issn: 0266-7215 journal: EUROPEAN SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW keywords-plus: '7 INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES; WOMENS EMPLOYMENT; SEX SEGREGATION; FAMILY POLICIES; LABOR-MARKETS; EARNINGS; REGIMES; GAP; PAY; MOTHERS' language: English month: APR number: '2' number-of-cited-references: '69' orcid-numbers: Mandel, Hadas/0000-0002-2521-0069 pages: 241-262 papis_id: 6b8483615d157f42d9cb9f043208ba72 ref: Mandel2012winnerslosers researcherid-numbers: Mandel, Hadas/AAC-8497-2022 times-cited: '94' title: 'Winners and Losers: The Consequences of Welfare State Policies for Gender Wage Inequality' type: article unique-id: WOS:000302304800006 usage-count-last-180-days: '0' usage-count-since-2013: '63' volume: '28' web-of-science-categories: Sociology year: '2012'