abstract: 'The 1988 National Maternal and Infant Health Survey, a stratified random

  sample of 9,953 live births, shows that women who work during pregnancy

  are more likely to be non-Hispanic white, married, of higher income and

  education, to have medical insurance, and of lower parity than

  nonemployed pregnant women (p < .0001). They begin prenatal care

  earlier, are less likely to smoke, and are more likely to state that the

  birth was wanted (p < .0001). Similar trends are seen for full-time as

  compared to part-time workers. Women employed as precision production

  workers, operators/fabricators, or in service occupations are

  disadvantaged with regard to sociodemographic and behavioral risks for

  pregnancy outcomes relative to women in professional and managerial

  occupations. Black race, parity, body mass index, and smoking, but not

  employment, are associated with low birth weight when gestational age is

  controlled. The effects of stress and its buffers, paternal

  characteristics, physical activity, and toxic exposures, both in and out

  of the workplace, should be considered, as should the normative and

  social policy context.'
affiliation: MOSS, N (Corresponding Author), NICHHD, CTR POPULAT RES, DEMOG \& BEHAV
  SCI BRANCH, 6100 EXECUT BLVD, 8B13, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA.
author: MOSS, N and CARVER, K
author_list:
- family: MOSS
  given: N
- family: CARVER
  given: K
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700230404
eissn: 1097-0274
files: []
issn: 0271-3586
journal: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE
keywords: PREGNANCY; EMPLOYMENT; OCCUPATION; LOW BIRTH WEIGHT; RISK FACTORS
keywords-plus: LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; MATERNAL EMPLOYMENT; PRETERM BIRTH; PREMATURITY
language: English
month: APR
number: '4'
number-of-cited-references: '36'
pages: 541-557
papis_id: 5ebd3b1c62a1ee897d5670f3387fecb4
ref: Moss1993pregnantwomenwork
times-cited: '22'
title: PREGNANT-WOMEN AT WORK - SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC PERSPECTIVES
type: article
unique-id: WOS:A1993KX38000003
usage-count-last-180-days: '1'
usage-count-since-2013: '8'
volume: '23'
web-of-science-categories: Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health
year: '1993'