abstract: 'This article advances a couple-level framework to examine how parenthood

  shapes within-family gender inequality by education in three countries

  that vary in their normative and policy context: the United States,

  Germany, and the United Kingdom. We trace mothers'' share of couple

  earnings and variation by her education in the 10-year window around

  first birth, using long-running harmonized panel surveys from the 1990s

  and 2000s (N= 4,117 couples and 28,488 couple-years) and an event study

  methodology that leverages within-couple variation in earnings pre- and

  post-birth. Our results show steep declines in her share of couple

  earnings following first birth across the three countries that persist

  over several years of follow-up. Declines are smallest in the United

  States, due to U.S. mothers'' higher employment and longer work hours.

  Declines are also smaller among female partners without a college degree

  in the United States, where mothers have less work-family support and

  fewer options to manage work and family on one income. Results shed

  light on how parenthood plays into gender inequality within couples, and

  how country context shapes couple dynamics and inequality across

  households.'
affiliation: 'Musick, K (Corresponding Author), Cornell Univ, Dept Policy Anal \&
  Management, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.

  Musick, Kelly, Cornell Univ, Policy Anal \& Management, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.

  Musick, Kelly, Cornell Univ, Sociol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.

  Musick, Kelly, Univ Wisconsin, Consumer Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.

  Gonalons-Pons, Pilar, Univ Penn, Sociol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.

  Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA.'
article-number: 0003122420934430
author: Musick, Kelly and Bea, Megan Doherty and Gonalons-Pons, Pilar
author-email: musick@cornell.edu
author_list:
- family: Musick
  given: Kelly
- family: Bea
  given: Megan Doherty
- family: Gonalons-Pons
  given: Pilar
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1177/0003122420934430
earlyaccessdate: JUL 2020
eissn: 1939-8271
files: []
issn: 0003-1224
journal: AMERICAN SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW
keywords: earnings; Europe; gender; inequalities; parenthood
keywords-plus: 'WOMENS EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES; GENDER INEQUALITY; DOMESTIC WORK;

  ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES; EDUCATIONAL GRADIENT; FAMILY POLICIES;

  WEST-GERMANY; WAGE PENALTY; LABOR; MOTHERHOOD'
language: English
month: AUG
number: '4'
number-of-cited-references: '118'
orcid-numbers: 'Doherty Bea, Megan/0000-0003-1533-3871

  Musick, Kelly/0000-0003-0329-5134

  Gonalons-Pons, Pilar/0000-0002-5684-1525'
pages: 639-674
papis_id: ca4ed2bd14b52a47d64852a4651e75ed
ref: Musick2020hisher
researcherid-numbers: 'Bea, Megan/AAK-9847-2021

  '
times-cited: '44'
title: His and Her Earnings Following Parenthood in the United States, Germany, and
  the United Kingdom
type: article
unique-id: WOS:000548894200001
usage-count-last-180-days: '2'
usage-count-since-2013: '51'
volume: '85'
web-of-science-categories: Sociology
year: '2020'