abstract: 'Family- and neighborhood-level poverty are associated with youth

  violence. Economic policies may address this risk factor by reducing

  parental stress and increasing opportunities. The federal Earned Income

  Tax Credit (EITC) is the largest cash transfer program in the US

  providing support to low-income working families. Many states have

  additional EITCs that vary in structure and generosity. To estimate the

  association between state EITC and youth violence, we conducted a

  repeated cross-sectional analysis using the variation in state EITC

  generosity over time by state and self-reported data in the Youth Risk

  Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) from 2005 to 2019. We estimated the

  association for all youth and then stratified by sex and race and

  ethnicity. A 10-percentage point greater state EITC was significantly

  associated with 3.8\% lower prevalence of physical fighting among youth,

  overall (PR: 0.96; 95\% CI 0.94-0.99), and for male students, 149 fewer

  (95\% CI: -243, -55) students per 10,000 experiencing physical fighting.

  A 10-percentage point greater state EITC was significantly associated

  with 118 fewer (95\% CI: -184,-52) White students per 10,000

  experiencing physical fighting in the past 12 months while reductions

  among Black students (75 fewer; 95\% CI: -176, 26) and Hispanic/Latino

  students (14 fewer; 95\% CI: -93, 65) were not statistically

  significant. State EITC generosity was not significantly associated with

  measures of violence at school. Economic policies that increase

  financial security and provide financial resources may reduce the burden

  of youth violence; further attention to their differential benefits

  among specific population subgroups is warranted.'
affiliation: 'Dalve, K (Corresponding Author), Univ Washington, Hans Rosling Ctr Populat
  Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 3980 15th Ave NE,Box 351619, Seattle, WA 98195
  USA.

  Dalve, K (Corresponding Author), Univ Washington, Harborview Injury Prevent \& Res
  Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.

  Dalve, Kimberly; Moe, Caitlin A.; Rivara, Frederick P.; Mooney, Stephen J.; Rowhani-Rahbar,
  Ali, Univ Washington, Hans Rosling Ctr Populat Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol,
  3980 15th Ave NE,Box 351619, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.

  Dalve, Kimberly; Moe, Caitlin A.; Rivara, Frederick P.; Mooney, Stephen J.; Rowhani-Rahbar,
  Ali, Univ Washington, Harborview Injury Prevent \& Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.

  Kovski, Nicole; Hill, Heather D., Univ Washington, Daniel J Evans Sch Publ Policy
  \& Governance, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.

  Mooney, Stephen J.; Hill, Heather D.; Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali, Univ Washington, Ctr
  Studies Demog \& Ecol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.

  Rivara, Frederick P.; Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali, Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pediat,
  Seattle, WA 98195 USA.'
author: Dalve, Kimberly and Moe, Caitlin A. and Kovski, Nicole and Rivara, Frederick
  P. and Mooney, Stephen J. and Hill, Heather D. and Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali
author-email: kdalve@uw.edu
author_list:
- family: Dalve
  given: Kimberly
- family: Moe
  given: Caitlin A.
- family: Kovski
  given: Nicole
- family: Rivara
  given: Frederick P.
- family: Mooney
  given: Stephen J.
- family: Hill
  given: Heather D.
- family: Rowhani-Rahbar
  given: Ali
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1007/s11121-022-01417-w
earlyaccessdate: AUG 2022
eissn: 1573-6695
files: []
issn: 1389-4986
journal: PREVENTION SCIENCE
keywords: Youth violence; Tax policy; Policy; Poverty; Income support
keywords-plus: 'UNITED-STATES; POVERTY; INEQUALITY; IMPACT; VICTIMIZATION;

  NEIGHBORHOODS; DISPARITIES; EMPLOYMENT; DIFFERENCE; MULTILEVEL'
language: English
month: NOV
number: '8'
number-of-cited-references: '59'
orcid-numbers: 'Moe, Caitlin/0000-0002-9318-2514

  Dalve, Kimberly/0000-0001-5289-4091'
pages: 1370-1378
papis_id: 157b85e3c7a96a25ac9cc1ac895199d3
ref: Dalve2022earnedincome
researcherid-numbers: 'Moe, Caitlin/GYA-1601-2022

  Hill, Heather/HKW-4759-2023

  '
times-cited: '1'
title: 'Earned Income Tax Credit and Youth Violence: Findings from the Youth Risk
  Behavior Surveillance System'
type: article
unique-id: WOS:000836344800001
usage-count-last-180-days: '1'
usage-count-since-2013: '2'
volume: '23'
web-of-science-categories: Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health
year: '2022'