abstract: 'IntroductionThis study explores the predictive power of macro-structural

  characteristics on quality rating and improvement system (QRIS) outcomes

  of Family Day Care (FDC) services in Australia. MethodsThe dataset

  consisted of 441 FDC National Quality Standard (NQS) ratings from all

  Australian states and territories, with overall ratings of Exceeding

  NQS, Meeting NQS, Working Towards NQS, or Significant Improvement

  Required. ResultsMultinomial logistic regressions confirmed that

  management type, community socioeconomic status (SES), level of

  urbanization, and government jurisdiction explained 6.9 to 19.3\% of the

  variation in QRIS outcomes. Results indicated that lower FDC NQS ratings

  were more likely for (1) private for-profit vs. not-for-profit; (2)

  low-SES vs. high-SES area; and (3) regional or remote area vs.

  metropolitan. State/territory jurisdiction also influenced NQS ratings.

  DiscussionThese findings imply the need for policy attention to

  inequalities in FDC quality associated with systemic and organizational

  differences. Greater effort is needed to promote equality and equity in

  FDC services.'
affiliation: 'Li, H (Corresponding Author), Macquarie Univ, Macquarie Sch Educ, Sydney,
  NSW, Australia.

  Li, H (Corresponding Author), Shanghai Normal Univ, Shanghai Inst Early Childhood
  Educ, Shanghai, Peoples R China.

  Char, Vincent; Harrison, Linda J.; Li, Hui, Macquarie Univ, Macquarie Sch Educ,
  Sydney, NSW, Australia.

  Li, Hui, Shanghai Normal Univ, Shanghai Inst Early Childhood Educ, Shanghai, Peoples
  R China.'
article-number: '1114256'
author: Char, Vincent and Harrison, Linda J. and Li, Hui
author-email: philip.li@mq.edu.au
author_list:
- family: Char
  given: Vincent
- family: Harrison
  given: Linda J.
- family: Li
  given: Hui
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1114256
eissn: 2296-2565
files: []
journal: FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
keywords: 'family day care; national quality framework; systemic features; early

  childcare; QRIS'
keywords-plus: EARLY-CHILDHOOD EDUCATION; ACCESS; DISPARITIES
language: English
month: MAY 18
number-of-cited-references: '47'
orcid-numbers: 'Char, Vincent/0009-0001-1536-8663

  Li, Hui/0000-0001-9355-1116

  Harrison, Linda/0000-0003-3835-6283'
papis_id: 815484fe99f16114e0d1df8144034c19
ref: Char2023macrostructuralpredi
times-cited: '0'
title: Macro-structural predictors of Australian family day care quality
type: article
unique-id: WOS:000998990000001
usage-count-last-180-days: '2'
usage-count-since-2013: '2'
volume: '11'
web-of-science-categories: Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health
year: '2023'