abstract: 'This chapter reviews recent studies of socioeconomic status (SES) and

  racial differences in health. It traces patterns of the social

  distribution of disease over time and describes the evidence for both a

  widening SES differential in health status and an increasing racial gap

  in health between blacks and whites due, in part, to the worsening

  health status of the African American population. We also describe

  variations in health status within and between other racial populations.

  The interactions between SES and race are examined, and we explore the

  link between health inequalities and socioeconomic inequality both by

  examining the nature of the SES gradient and by identifying the

  determinants of the magnitude of SES disparities over time. We consider

  the ways in which major social structures and processes such as racism,

  acculturation, work, migration, and childhood SES produce inequalities

  in health. We also attend to the ways in which other intervening factors

  and resources are constrained by social structure. Measurement issues

  are addressed, and implications for health policy and future research

  are described.'
affiliation: WILLIAMS, DR (Corresponding Author), UNIV MICHIGAN, INST SOCIAL RES,
  ANN ARBOR, MI 48106 USA.
author: WILLIAMS, DR and COLLINS, C
author_list:
- family: WILLIAMS
  given: DR
- family: COLLINS
  given: C
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1146/annurev.so.21.080195.002025
files: []
issn: 0360-0572
journal: ANNUAL REVIEW OF SOCIOLOGY
keywords: SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS; SOCIAL CLASS; RACE; HEALTH; RACISM
keywords-plus: 'CLASS MORTALITY DIFFERENTIALS; BLACK-WHITE DIFFERENCES; UNITED-STATES

  BLACKS; SOCIAL-CLASS; INFANT-MORTALITY; INCOME-DISTRIBUTION;

  BLOOD-PRESSURE; MEDICAL-CARE; PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; AFRICAN-AMERICANS'
language: English
number-of-cited-references: '180'
pages: 349-386
papis_id: 4456975b39f4ca0e54fd74b359015487
ref: Williams1995ussocioeconomic
tags:
- review
times-cited: '1125'
title: US SOCIOECONOMIC AND RACIAL-DIFFERENCES IN HEALTH - PATTERNS AND EXPLANATIONS
type: article
unique-id: WOS:A1995RP07700016
usage-count-last-180-days: '1'
usage-count-since-2013: '262'
volume: '21'
web-of-science-categories: Sociology
year: '1995'