abstract: 'Objective To conduct a rapid knowledge synthesis of literature on the

  social determinants of mental health of racialized women exposed to

  gender-based violence (GBV) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

  Methods We adapted the Cochrane Rapid Reviews method and were guided by

  an equity lens in conducting rapid reviews on public health issues. Four

  electronic databases (Cochrane CENTRAL, Medline, ProQuest, and EBSCO),

  electronic news media, Google Scholar, and policy documents were

  searched for literature between January 2019 and October 2020 with no

  limitations for location. Fifty-five articles qualified for the review.

  Results Health emergencies heighten gender inequalities in relation to

  income, employment, job security, and working conditions. Household

  stress and pandemic-related restrictions (social distancing, closure of

  services) increase women''s vulnerability to violence. Systemic racism

  and discrimination intensify health disparities.

  Conclusion Racialized women are experiencing a 2020 Syndemic: a

  convergence of COVID-19, GBV, and racism pandemics, placing their

  wellbeing at a disproportionate risk. GBV is a public health issue and

  gender-responsive COVID-19 programming is essential. Anti-racist and

  equity-promoting policies to GBV service provision and disaggregated

  data collection are required.'
affiliation: 'Khanlou, N (Corresponding Author), York Univ, Fac Hlth, 4700 Keele St,
  Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.

  Khanlou, Nazilla; Vazquez, Luz Maria; Connolly, Jennifer A.; Ahmad, Farah, York
  Univ, Fac Hlth, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.

  Pashang, Soheila, Humber Inst Technol \& Adv Learning, Fac Social \& Community Serv,
  Toronto, ON, Canada.

  Ssawe, Andrew, South Riverdale Community Hlth Ctr, Newcomers Families \& Clin Programs
  \& Serv, Toronto, ON, Canada.'
author: Khanlou, Nazilla and Vazquez, Luz Maria and Pashang, Soheila and Connolly,
  Jennifer A. and Ahmad, Farah and Ssawe, Andrew
author-email: nkhanlou@yorku.ca
author_list:
- family: Khanlou
  given: Nazilla
- family: Vazquez
  given: Luz Maria
- family: Pashang
  given: Soheila
- family: Connolly
  given: Jennifer A.
- family: Ahmad
  given: Farah
- family: Ssawe
  given: Andrew
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1007/s40615-021-01146-w
earlyaccessdate: OCT 2021
eissn: 2196-8837
files: []
issn: 2197-3792
journal: JOURNAL OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC HEALTH DISPARITIES
keywords: COVID-19; Racism; Gender-based violence; Mental health; Pandemics
keywords-plus: HEALTH; VULNERABILITY
language: English
month: DEC
number: '6'
number-of-cited-references: '57'
orcid-numbers: Ahmad, Farah/0000-0001-9747-1148
pages: 2077-2089
papis_id: cb1c64c2cdd1e2a24f5d656ff6f82ee6
ref: Khanlou20222020syndemic
researcherid-numbers: Ahmad, Farah/B-4261-2008
tags:
- review
times-cited: '5'
title: '2020 Syndemic: Convergence of COVID-19, Gender-Based Violence, and Racism
  Pandemics'
type: article
unique-id: WOS:000707948100002
usage-count-last-180-days: '1'
usage-count-since-2013: '17'
volume: '9'
web-of-science-categories: Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health
year: '2022'