abstract: 'Background: The aim was to assess the relationships between social and

  material deprivation and the use of tobacco, excessive alcohol and

  psychotropic drugs by both sexes and in various age groups. Greater

  knowledge concerning these issues may help public health policy-makers

  design more effective means of preventing substance abuse.

  Methods: The sample comprised 6,216 people aged >= 15 years randomly

  selected from the population in northeastern France. Subjects completed

  a post-mailed questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics,

  occupation, employment, income, smoking habit, alcohol abuse and

  ``psychotropic{''''} drug intake (for headache, tiredness, nervousness,

  anxiety, insomnia). A deprivation score (D) was defined by the

  cumulative number of: low educational level, manual worker, unemployed,

  living alone, nationality other than western European, low income, and

  non-home-ownership. Data were analysed using adjusted odds ratios (ORa)

  computed with logistic models.

  Results: Deprivation was common: 37.4\% of respondents fell into

  category D = 1, 21.2\% into D = 2, and 10.0\% into D >= 3. More men than

  women reported tobacco use (30.2\% vs. 21.9\%) and alcohol abuse (12.5\%

  vs. 3.3\%), whereas psychotropic drug use was more common among women

  (23.8\% vs. 41.0\%). Increasing levels of deprivation were associated

  with a greater likelihood of tobacco use (ORa vs. D = 0: 1.16 in D = 1,

  1.49 in D = 2, and 1.93 in D >= 3), alcohol abuse (1.19 in D = 1, 1.32

  in D = 2, and 1.80 in D >= 3) and frequent psychotropic drug intake

  (1.26 in D = 1, 1.51 in D = 2, and 1.91 in D >= 3). These patterns were

  observed in working/other non-retired men and women (except for alcohol

  abuse in women). Among retired people, deprivation was associated with

  tobacco and psychotropic drug use only in men.

  Conclusion: Preventive measures should be designed to improve work

  conditions, reduce deprivation, and help deprived populations to be more

  aware of risk and to find remedial measures.'
affiliation: 'Chau, N (Corresponding Author), INSERM, U669, Paris, France.

  Choquet, Marie; Falissard, Bruno; Chau, Nearkasen, INSERM, U669, Paris, France.

  Baumann, Michele, Univ Luxembourg, Fac LSHASE, INtegrat Res Unit Social \& Individual
  DEv INSIDE, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.

  Spitz, Elisabeth, Univ Metz, Dept Psychol, Metz, France.

  Guillemin, Francis, Univ Nancy 1, Ecole Sante Publ, EA 4003, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy,
  France.

  Ravaud, Jean-Francois, IFR25 IFRH, CERMES, INSERM, U 750, Villejuif, France.

  Choquet, Marie; Falissard, Bruno; Chau, Nearkasen, Univ Paris Sud, Paris, France.

  Choquet, Marie; Falissard, Bruno; Chau, Nearkasen, Univ Paris 05, UMR S0669, Paris,
  France.

  Falissard, Bruno, AP HP, Villejuif, France.'
article-number: '50'
author: Baumann, Michele and Spitz, Elisabeth and Guillemin, Francis and Ravaud, Jean-Francois
  and Choquet, Marie and Falissard, Bruno and Chau, Nearkasen and Group, Lorhandicap
author-email: 'michele.baumann@uni.lu

  elisa.spitz@wanadoo.fr

  francis.guillemin@medecine.uhp-nancy.fr

  ravaud@vjf.cnrs.fr

  choquet@cochin.inserm.fr

  falissard\_b@wanadoo.fr

  Nearkasen.Chau@wanadoo.fr'
author_list:
- family: Baumann
  given: Michele
- family: Spitz
  given: Elisabeth
- family: Guillemin
  given: Francis
- family: Ravaud
  given: Jean-Francois
- family: Choquet
  given: Marie
- family: Falissard
  given: Bruno
- family: Chau
  given: Nearkasen
- family: Group
  given: Lorhandicap
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1186/1476-072X-6-50
files: []
issn: 1476-072X
journal: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH GEOGRAPHICS
keywords-plus: 'INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS; SOCIOECONOMIC INEQUALITIES; OCCUPATIONAL

  INJURIES; CUMULATIVE ADVANTAGE; HEALTH; MORTALITY; ENVIRONMENT; FATIGUE;

  AREA; PREVALENCE'
language: English
month: NOV 9
number-of-cited-references: '68'
orcid-numbers: 'RAVAUD, Jean-François/0000-0003-3959-4195

  '
papis_id: 2da8d1aa1b82daae13205f4407cfd487
ref: Baumann2007associationssocial
researcherid-numbers: 'RAVAUD, Jean-François/F-7190-2013

  Rouquette, Alexandra/ITV-3911-2023'
times-cited: '87'
title: 'Associations of social and material deprivation with tobacco, alcohol, and
  psychotropic drug use, and gender: a population-based study'
type: article
unique-id: WOS:000258211500001
usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
usage-count-since-2013: '8'
volume: '6'
web-of-science-categories: Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health
year: '2007'