abstract: 'Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease requiring lifelong

  insulin treatment. T1DM patients require care given not only by

  themselves but also by their family members, particularly in

  childhood-onset cases. This study aims to identify the relationship

  between health expenditure, HbA1c and other health outcomes and the

  socio-economic status of patients and their families, with a focus on

  family employment status, i.e., whether the caregiver is employed or is

  a homemaker. To clarify the relationship between the level of health,

  such as expenditure on health care and HbA1c, and the socioeconomic

  status of patients and their families, we focus on whether they are

  ``potential full-time caregivers{''''}. Using this analysis, we estimated

  the hypothetical health care expenditure and HbA1c and showed that male

  patients have higher expenditure and lower HbA1c when their caregiver is

  a potential full-time caregiver, whereas younger female patients have

  higher health care expenditure and lower HbA1c when their caregiver is

  employed. This finding is not meant to serve as criticism of health care

  policy in this area; rather, the aim is to contribute to economic policy

  in Japan for T1DM patients 20 years and older.'
affiliation: 'Sakoda, S (Corresponding Author), Kyoto Univ, Japan Soc Promot Sci,
  Kyoto 6068501, Japan.

  Sakoda, Sayaka, Kyoto Univ, Japan Soc Promot Sci, Kyoto 6068501, Japan.'
article-number: '1629'
author: Sakoda, Sayaka
author-email: sakoda.sayaka.22c@st.kyoto-u.ac.jp
author_list:
- family: Sakoda
  given: Sayaka
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.3390/ijerph19031629
eissn: 1660-4601
files: []
journal: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
keywords: 'type 1 diabetes mellitus; socio-economic status; government aid;

  caregivers'
keywords-plus: 'GLYCEMIC CONTROL; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; CHILDREN; INCOME; INEQUALITY;

  IMPACT; ADOLESCENTS; EXPERIENCE; FAMILIES; SURVIVAL'
language: English
month: FEB
number: '3'
number-of-cited-references: '42'
orcid-numbers: SAKODA, Sayaka/0000-0002-4239-9596
papis_id: d249e224023f316023935d5d185a3d81
ref: Sakoda2022fulltimeworking
researcherid-numbers: SAKODA, Sayaka/GPX-6130-2022
times-cited: '0'
title: Full-Time or Working Caregiver? A Health Economics Perspective on the Supply
  of Care for Type 1 Diabetes Patients
type: article
unique-id: WOS:000759625400001
usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
usage-count-since-2013: '2'
volume: '19'
web-of-science-categories: Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental \& Occupational
  Health
year: '2022'