abstract: 'Research has found a meaningful income gap between males and females

  across several occupational settings, and this is also true within law

  enforcement. As more female workers enter the criminal justice system,

  it is important to revisit and update these patterns of gender

  inequality to account for the changing gender dynamics within this

  occupation. Using Current Population Survey data, we document the gender

  differences in pay among police over the past 28 years. Police officers

  experience income advantage compared with the general working

  population, but they also show a stable gender gap in pay. While this

  stable inequality is better than other public-sector jobs-which have

  experienced a growth in the gender pay gap-it represents a continued

  disadvantage for police women, despite the growing number of women

  working in law enforcement and the rules governing public-sector

  employment. We further decompose the gendered pattern in police pay by

  whether these individuals work for federal, state, or local agencies,

  and find that those working for state government show stark declines in

  the gender gap in pay while those working for local or federal agencies

  experience little to no change in this gender income inequality over

  time. We conclude with a discussion of the policy implications of our

  findings and directions for future research on gender inequality within

  law enforcement occupations.'
affiliation: 'Schleifer, C (Corresponding Author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Sociol, 780
  Van Vleet Oval,Kaufman Hall 331, Norman, OK 73019 USA.

  Luo, Xiaoshuang Iris, Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Criminol Law \& Soc, Irvine, CA USA.

  Schleifer, Cyrus; Hill, Christopher M., Univ Oklahoma, Sociol, Norman, OK 73019
  USA.'
article-number: '1098611119862654'
author: Luo, Xiaoshuang Iris and Schleifer, Cyrus and Hill, Christopher M.
author-email: cyrus.schleifer@ou.edu
author_list:
- family: Luo
  given: Xiaoshuang Iris
- family: Schleifer
  given: Cyrus
- family: Hill
  given: Christopher M.
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1177/1098611119862654
earlyaccessdate: AUG 2019
eissn: 1552-745X
files: []
issn: 1098-6111
journal: POLICE QUARTERLY
keywords: police officers; gender; income inequality; public-sector occupations
keywords-plus: 'PAY GAP; PUBLIC-SECTOR; LABOR-MARKETS; EARNINGS; WOMEN; US; MOTHERHOOD;

  MARRIAGE; IMPACT; RACE'
language: English
month: DEC
number: '4'
number-of-cited-references: '78'
pages: 481-510
papis_id: b7366847c5d159476bf7745439b4b422
ref: Luo2019policeincome
researcherid-numbers: Luo, Xiaoshuang Iris/X-7530-2019
times-cited: '8'
title: Police Income and Occupational Gender Inequality
type: article
unique-id: WOS:000480260900001
usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
usage-count-since-2013: '8'
volume: '22'
web-of-science-categories: Criminology \& Penology
year: '2019'